Fig. 1.

Schematic overview of interactions between NETosis and the complement system. a C3b and iC3b opsonization affects NET formation. b C5a induces the upregulation of complement receptors. c C3, Factor B and properdin produce and stabilize C3-convertase on the neutrophilic membrane and in NETs. d Factor H can be recruited to the neutrophil membrane to prevent complement activation. e NETs form a platform on which complement activation can occur. f NET proteins can generate anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a to alarm the immune system