a Cellular uptake of 90 nm A-DEX NPs over time at 37 °C compared with that of A-DEX solution. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01. b Cellular uptake of A-DEX solution or 90-nm A-DEX NPs at 4 °C, at 37 °C, or in the presence of NaN3. The cellular uptake of 90-nm A-DEX NPs at 37 °C was set as 100%. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01. c Cellular uptake efficiency of 90 nm A-DEX NPs with inhibitors, including nystatin, chlorpromazine, and dimethyl amiloride. The cellular uptake of 90-nm A-DEX NPs without any treatment served as the control. Data represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). ##P < 0.01