Table 4.
Comparison of DSM-5 primary diagnosis and comorbidity between different age groups of offspring
| Schoolchildren (N=53) (%) | Adolescents (N=148) (%) | OR† | χ2 or t | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any psychiatric disorder | 30 (56.6) | 101 (68.2) | 0.61 (0.32–1.16) | 2.329 | 0.127 |
| Affective disorder | |||||
| Depressive disorder | 11 (20.8) | 47 (31.8) | 0.56 (0.27–1.19) | 2.301 | 0.129 |
| Major depressive disorder | 6 (11.3) | 32 (21.6) | 0.46 (0.18–1.18) | 2.701 | 0.100 |
| Depressive disorder, NOS | 5 (9.4) | 13 (8.8) | 1.08 (0.37–3.19) | 0.020 | 0.887 |
| Dysthymia | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.0) | - | 0.790 | 0.568 |
| Bipolar disorder | 10 (18.9) | 25 (16.9) | 1.14 (0.51–2.58) | 0.106 | 0.745 |
| BP-I | 2 (3.8) | 12 (8.1) | 0.44 (0.10–2.06) | 3.690 | 0.363 |
| BP-II | 8 (15.1) | 10 (6.8) | 2.45 (0.91–6.59) | 3.327 | 0.068 |
| BP, NOS | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.0) | - | 0.790 | 0.568 |
| Anxiety disorder | 13 (24.5) | 31 (20.9) | 1.23 (0.59–2.57) | 0.293 | 0.588 |
| Separation anxiety | 7 (13.2) | 5 (3.4) | 4.35 (1.32–14.37) | 6.716 | 0.010* |
| ADHD | 12 (22.6) | 49 (33.1) | 0.59 (0.29–1.23) | 2.022 | 0.155 |
| Tic disorder | 1 (1.9) | 4 (2.7) | 0.69 (0.08–6.34) | 1.320 | 1.000 |
| Autism spectrum disorder | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | - | 0.260 | 1.000 |
| Disruptive behavioral disorder | 7 (13.2) | 16 (10.8) | 1.26 (0.49–3.24) | 0.221 | 0.638 |
| Schizophrenia | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.4) | - | 0.530 | 0.395 |
Schoolchildren: aged 6 to 11 years, Adolescents: aged 12 to 17 years.
*
significance at p<0.05.
†
Adolescents were the referent group.
Sex and KCTQ score of offspring were used as covariant variables in this analysis.
NOS: not otherwise specified, BP-I: bipolar I disorder, BP-II: bipolar II disorder, BP: bipolar disorder, ADHD: attention deficit hyperactive disorder, OR: odds ratio