Table 3.
Genetic and patient characteristics between clusters of Escherichia coli
| Total | Cluster group
|
P-valuea | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No VF | Siderophore exclusive | Siderophore exclusive with iroN | Adhesin sfa/papGIII-rich | Adhesin papC/papGII-rich | |||
|
| |||||||
| Genetic characteristics n (%) | (n=148) | (n=19) | (n=62) | (n=29) | (n=14) | (n=24) | |
|
| |||||||
| Aminoglycoside | 0.07 | ||||||
| Sensitive | 72 (49) | 9 (47) | 30 (48) | 17 (59) | 9 (64) | 7 (29) | |
| AAC(3)-II | 43 (29) | 6 (32) | 16 (26) | 6 (21) | 3 (21) | 12 (50) | |
| AAC(6′) | 13 (9) | 1 (5) | 10 (16) | 0 (0) | 1 (7) | 1 (4) | |
| APH(3′) | 12 (8) | 1 (5) | 4 (6) | 5 (17) | 1 (7) | 1 (4) | |
| Ciprofloxacin | |||||||
| Sensitive | 43 (29) | 6 (32) | 12 (19) | 9 (31) | 11 (79) | 5 (21) | 0.001 |
| Cotrimoxazole | |||||||
| Sensitive | 62 (42) | 2 (11) | 28 (45) | 13 (45) | 8 (57) | 11 (46) | 0.03 |
| ESBL sequence | <0.001 | ||||||
| CTX-M-1 | 22 (15) | 4 (21) | 3 (5) | 9 (31) | 6 (43) | 0 (0) | |
| CTX-M-14 | 35 (24) | 4 (21) | 15 (24) | 10 (34) | 3 (21) | 3 (13) | |
| CTX-M-15 | 64 (43) | 8 (42) | 30 (48) | 8 (28) | 2 (14) | 16 (67) | |
| CTX-M-27 | 11 (7) | 1 (5) | 10 (16) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Sequence type 131 | 51 (34) | 0 (0) | 28 (45) | 8 (28) | 1 (7) | 14 (58) | <0.001 |
| Phylogenetic group | 0.001 | ||||||
| A | 21 (14) | 3 (16) | 11 (18) | 3 (10) | 1 (7) | 3 (13) | |
| B1 | 12 (8) | 6 (32) | 4 (6) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | |
| B2 | 74 (50) | 0 (0) | 34 (55) | 12 (41) | 11 (79) | 17 (71) | |
| C | 12 (8) | 3 (16) | 3 (5) | 6 (21) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| D | 16 (11) | 5 (26) | 5 (8) | 3 (10) | 1 (7) | 2 (8) | |
| E | 7 (5) | 1 (5) | 3 (5) | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | |
| F | 6 (4) | 1 (5) | 2 (3) | 2 (7) | 1 (7) | 0 (0) | |
| Relaxase (N=74) | 0.15 | ||||||
| F | 28 (38) | 3 (25) | 15 (58) | 5 (29) | 2 (18) | 3 (38) | |
| I1 | 21 (28) | 6 (50) | 6 (23) | 4 (24) | 3 (27) | 2 (25) | |
| Multirepliconb | 11 (15) | 2 (8) | 1 (4) | 5 (29) | 2 (18) | 1 (13) | |
| Other | 8 (10) | 0 (0) | 4 (16) | 0 (0) | 3 (27) | 1 (13) | |
| Non-typed | 6 (8) | 1 (8) | 0 (0) | 3 (18) | 1 (9) | 1 (13) | |
|
| |||||||
| Patient characteristics | (n=145) | (n=18) | (n=60) | (n=29) | (n=14) | (n=24) | |
|
| |||||||
| Age in yearsc | 73 (56–86) | 74 (61–85) | 75 (56–89) | 80 (64–86) | 69 (36–84) | 67 (56–84) | 0.4 |
| % Male | 39 | 33 | 33 | 45 | 50 | 42 | 0.7 |
| Any comorbidity | 83 (57) | 10 (56) | 32 (53) | 17 (59) | 8 (57) | 16 (67) | 0.9 |
| At risk exposure <3 months | 100 (69) | 11 (61) | 44 (73) | 22 (76) | 7 (50) | 16 (67) | 0.4 |
| Hospitalization (N=143) | 81 (57) | 8 (47) | 37 (62) | 19 (68) | 5 (36) | 12 (50) | 0.2 |
| Trip abroad (N=143) | 11 (8) | 1 (6) | 4 (7) | 3 (11) | 0 (0) | 3 (13) | 0.7 |
| Antibiotics (N=143) | 71 (50) | 8 (47) | 29 (48) | 17 (61) | 6 (43) | 11 (46) | 0.8 |
| Episode | 0.2 | ||||||
| Colonized | 74 (51) | 9 (50) | 36 (60) | 12 (41) | 7 (50) | 10 (42) | |
| Palliative care assoc. | 3 (2) | 2 (11) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Treatment assoc. | 68 (47) | 7 (39) | 23 (38) | 17 (59) | 7 (50) | 14 (58) | |
| Acquisition | 0.8 | ||||||
| Nosocomial | 69 (48) | 8 (44) | 28 (47) | 16 (55) | 5 (36) | 12 (50) | |
| Community-acquired | 76 (52) | 10 (56) | 32 (53) | 13 (45) | 9 (64) | 12 (50) | |
| Associated bacteremia | 18 (12) | 3 (17) | 4 (7) | 6 (21) | 0 (0) | 5 (21) | 0.09 |
| Suspected infection location (N=65) | 0.01 | ||||||
| Urine | 39 (60) | 4 (67) | 20 (91) | 6 (38) | 3 (43) | 6 (43) | |
| Digestive tract | 20 (31) | 1 (17) | 2 (9) | 7 (44) | 4 (57) | 6 (43) | |
| Lungs | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (13) | 0 (0) | 1 (7) | |
| Skin and soft tissue | 3 (5) | 1 (17) | 0 (0) | 1 (6) | 0 (0) | 1 (7) | |
| Length of stayc (N=144) | 13 (3–30) | 9 (1–32) | 10 (2–24) | 22 (9–36) | 11 (2–20) | 16 (10–28) | 0.13 |
| Transferred to ICU (N=65) | 11 (17) | 2 (29) | 1 (5) | 3 (18) | 3 (43) | 2 (15) | 0.14 |
| Death after 12 months (N=92) | 39 (42) | 2 (18) | 21 (51) | 7 (41) | 6 (55) | 3 (25) | 0.2 |
Notes: Characteristics of 148 E. coli isolates from 145 patients were compared between five clusters of VFs.
a
Significance was determined using Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables and Pearson chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables.
b
2 Relaxases has been detected.
c
Median (IQR).
Abbreviations: ESBL, extended spectrum β-lactamase; ICU, intensive care unit; VFs, virulence factors.