Table 5.

Coefficients of multivariable linear regression examining the association between nicotine dependence, smoking duration and quality of life among current smokers. Uberaba, Brazil

Variables	WHOQOL-BREF				WHOQOL-OLD
	Physical	Psychological	Social relationship	Environmental	Sensory abilities	Autonomy	Past, present and future activities	Social participation	Death and Dying	Intimacy
Nicotine dependence
Very low or low (ref)
Medium	3.0	3.8	6.5*	2.9	5.2	−0.6	0.1	2.9	−4.0	1.9
High or very high	−0.0	−1.2	0.1	1.0	−0.7	3.4	2.8	1.4	−10.6**	4.9
Exposure to smoking in years	−0.2**	− 0.1	− 0.0	−0.1	− 0.1	− 0.1	− 0.1	− 0.1	− 0.0	− 0.3*
Sex
Female (ref)
Male	−0.1	2.7	− 0.8	− 0.6	−1.6	1.5	− 1.8	2.7	8.8*	7.3
Age groups
60–69 years	−6.4	−10.0**	−6.5	−8.5**	−7.1	0.9	−5.6	−2.7	2.3	−10.9
70–79 years	−3.1	−6.3	1.8	−0.1	−3.8	6.3	−1.7	4.1	2.4	−1.5
80 years or more (ref)
Education
Illiterate	−2.9	− 2.3	−3.4	− 7.0**	− 8.0	−1.8	−1.1	− 2.6	− 2.8	−0.1
1–4 years of schooling	0.4	5.4*	5.3*	−0.4	− 7.8	1.3	−1.1	− 1.5	−9.2**	2.3
Health conditions
0–4 (ref)
5 or more diseases	−13.7***	−7.3***	−4.3	−0.7	−9.2**	−1.5	0.6	−5.5**	−5.6	0.1
Constant	84.9***	77.1***	73.8***	71.0***	87.1***	64.8***	74.2***	71.1***	79.3***	79.0***
R2	0.2474	0.1647	0.1399	0.1373	0.0732	0.0543	0.0340	0.1004	0.1176	0.0701

Note: ref. – reference categories. *P < 0.10; **P < 0.05; ***P < 0.01