Table 2.
Summary of population, air pollution and temperature data by city
| City | 2006 population | PM2.5 (μg/m3)a | NO2 (ppb)a | O3 (ppb)a | SO2 (ppb)a | CO (ppm)a | T (°C)a | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | mean | min | max | n | mean | min | max | n | mean | min | max | n | mean | min | max | n | mean | min | max | n | mean | min | max | ||
| St John’s | 100,646 | 3470 | 4.6 | 0.0 | 49.0 | 3040 | 7.8 | 0.1 | 57.8 | 3620 | 25.0 | 2.1 | 57.5 | 3105 | 2.5 | 0.0 | 19.7 | 3605 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 3655 | 6.2 | −15.3 | 24.6 |
| Saint John | 68,043 | 3350 | 6.8 | 0.0 | 109.1 | 3575 | 7.4 | 0.0 | 59.4 | 3655 | 25.0 | 3.0 | 72.7 | 3645 | 4.4 | 0.0 | 63.9 | 3510 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 3.3 | 3655 | 5.6 | −23.4 | 23.6 |
| Fredericton | 50,535 | 3365 | 5.9 | 0.0 | 42.0 | 3190 | 4.9 | 0.0 | 34.8 | 3460 | 24.6 | 2.4 | 56.1 | 0 | . | . | . | 3470 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 3645 | 6.7 | −23.8 | 28.2 |
| Quebec | 491,142 | 3360 | 10.1 | 0.0 | 111.9 | 3465 | 12.8 | 0.4 | 56.9 | 3655 | 21.1 | 1.0 | 57.2 | 3440 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 26.4 | 3480 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 2.6 | 3655 | 5.3 | −28.2 | 28.5 |
| Trois Rivieres | 126,323 | 3540 | 9.7 | 0.0 | 66.3 | 0 | . | . | . | 3460 | 21.2 | 0.7 | 58.5 | 3630 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 36.5 | 0 | . | . | . | 3655 | 6.0 | −27.3 | 28.5 |
| Montreal | 1,620,693 | 3650 | 11.4 | 0.0 | 83.4 | 3655 | 18.3 | 3.8 | 57.9 | 3655 | 19.1 | 0.9 | 68.0 | 3640 | 4.4 | 0.0 | 28.4 | 3655 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 3655 | 7.3 | −26.4 | 29.2 |
| Ottawa | 812,129 | 3435 | 8.5 | 0.0 | 70.0 | 3575 | 14.7 | 0.0 | 57.0 | 3635 | 22.8 | 0.8 | 66.2 | 3640 | 2.4 | 0.0 | 17.0 | 3640 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 3655 | 7.0 | −26.7 | 30.4 |
| Oshawa | 141,590 | 3610 | 9.8 | 0.0 | 63.5 | 3180 | 15.3 | 0.3 | 52.9 | 3610 | 25.1 | 2.5 | 66.5 | 610 | 3.3 | 0.0 | 16.4 | 365 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 3655 | 8.6 | −21.0 | 29.0 |
| Toronto | 2,503,281 | 3655 | 10.6 | 0.0 | 64.9 | 3650 | 21.9 | 4.8 | 62.3 | 3650 | 21.7 | 2.4 | 65.6 | 3650 | 3.2 | 0.0 | 19.6 | 3645 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 3655 | 9.2 | −19.6 | 30.3 |
| Mississauga | 668,549 | 3580 | 10.1 | 0.0 | 67.8 | 1855 | 19.8 | 3.2 | 58.9 | 3590 | 22.6 | 0.7 | 75.6 | 2670 | 3.4 | 0.0 | 42.0 | 2245 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 3655 | 8.9 | −20.3 | 31.5 |
| Brampton | 433,806 | 3070 | 9.9 | 0.0 | 69.2 | 3035 | 16.2 | 1.8 | 58.1 | 3085 | 25.6 | 0.5 | 78.5 | 2365 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 17.4 | 1590 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 3655 | 8.3 | −20.5 | 30.8 |
| Hamilton | 504,559 | 3595 | 11.5 | 0.0 | 64.2 | 3575 | 17.7 | 1.0 | 62.6 | 3595 | 23.8 | 0.0 | 84.6 | 3580 | 5.1 | 0.0 | 35.6 | 3335 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 3655 | 8.2 | −19.6 | 29.6 |
| St. Catharines | 131,989 | 3555 | 10.2 | 0.0 | 63.5 | 2515 | 13.9 | 2.1 | 77.6 | 3555 | 24.3 | 0.0 | 81.0 | 1705 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 19.2 | 1305 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 3655 | 9.7 | −15.0 | 30.0 |
| Kitchener | 204,668 | 3360 | 9.8 | 0.0 | 67.8 | 3305 | 12.2 | 0.8 | 53.2 | 3580 | 26.4 | 0.8 | 82.7 | 2080 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 16.8 | 1750 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 1.6 | 3650 | 7.3 | −22.0 | 30.0 |
| Windsor | 216,473 | 3475 | 11.9 | 0.5 | 68.0 | 3490 | 18.4 | 2.9 | 55.7 | 3590 | 22.7 | 0.5 | 76.9 | 3590 | 5.9 | 0.0 | 30.5 | 3365 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 2.4 | 3655 | 10.6 | −16.8 | 31.5 |
| Winnipeg | 633,451 | 3650 | 7.1 | 0.0 | 36.8 | 3650 | 11.8 | 1.1 | 39.3 | 3655 | 19.9 | 1.2 | 51.0 | 0 | . | . | . | 3645 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 1.6 | 3640 | 4.6 | −33.0 | 30.0 |
| Calgary | 988,193 | 3635 | 9.1 | 0.7 | 90.7 | 3655 | 21.3 | 4.9 | 63.7 | 3655 | 18.9 | 0.6 | 51.1 | 3625 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 14.2 | 3655 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 2.4 | 3655 | 4.9 | −31.6 | 24.7 |
| Edmonton | 730,372 | 3655 | 9.3 | 0.0 | 74.0 | 3650 | 20.8 | 3.2 | 62.9 | 3653 | 18.4 | 0.5 | 48.6 | 0 | . | . | . | 3655 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 2.7 | 3655 | 4.0 | −34.7 | 26.5 |
| Richmond | 174,461 | 3570 | 6.8 | 0.0 | 44.0 | 3655 | 16.7 | 3.6 | 40.5 | 3655 | 15.2 | 0.3 | 44.9 | 3580 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 4.5 | 3655 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 2.3 | 3655 | 10.6 | −8.6 | 24.2 |
| Vancouver | 578,041 | 3565 | 6.9 | 1.0 | 36.3 | 3655 | 22.5 | 4.7 | 43.2 | 3655 | 10.0 | 0.0 | 37.5 | 3655 | 3.3 | 0.0 | 18.1 | 3655 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 2.4 | 3655 | 11.1 | −7.0 | 25.0 |
| Victoria | 78,057 | 3160 | 7.3 | 0.0 | 37.9 | 2770 | 11.1 | 0.5 | 30.9 | 3215 | 17.9 | 0.2 | 46.4 | 2945 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 16.5 | 3055 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 3650 | 10.2 | −7.2 | 26.7 |
| Nanaimo | 78,692 | 3620 | 5.5 | 0.0 | 24.5 | 865 | 8.4 | 1.1 | 20.1 | 3600 | 19.2 | 0.1 | 45.0 | 1055 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 3.8 | 0 | . | . | . | 3655 | 10.4 | −11.0 | 27.0 |
| Kamloops | 80,376 | 3595 | 6.9 | 0.0 | 140.0 | 3545 | 10.6 | 0.1 | 38.2 | 3600 | 20.9 | 0.0 | 52.4 | 3645 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 5.4 | 2895 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 3655 | 9.4 | −24.2 | 29.8 |
| Kelowna | 106,707 | 3590 | 6.9 | 0.0 | 186.0 | 3345 | 9.0 | 0.2 | 35.3 | 3615 | 21.0 | 0.0 | 51.1 | 2915 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 2.8 | 2915 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 3650 | 8.9 | −24.2 | 28.5 |
a24 h average values