Table 3.
Potentially inappropriate medication at admission and at discharge identified by STOPP criteria categorised by physiological system
| PIM, n(%) | ||
| Admission | Discharge | |
| A. Cardiovascular system | 9 (22.5%) | 4 (14.8%) |
| Digoxin at a long-term dose >125 µg/day with impaired renal function | 1 | 0 |
| Thiazide diuretic agent with a history of gout | 1 | 1 |
| β-Blocker in combination with verapamil | 1 | 0 |
| Calcium channel blockers with chronic constipation | 2 | 3 |
| Aspirin at dose >150 mg/day | 3 | 0 |
| Warfarin for first, uncomplicated deep venous thrombosis longer than 6 months' duration | 1 | 0 |
| B. Central nervous system and psychotropic drugs | 4 (10.0%) | 5 (18.5%) |
| Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) with constipation | 0 | 1 |
| TCAs with an opiate or calcium channel blocker | 2 | 1 |
| Long-term (ie, >1 month), longacting benzodiazepines—eg, chlordiazepoxide, fluazepam, nitrazepam, chlorazepate and benzodiazepines with longacting metabolites, e.g. diazepam | 2 | 0 |
| Long-term neuroleptic agents (>1 month) in those with parkinsonism | 0 | 3 |
| C. Gastrointestinal system | 1 (2.5%) | 0 |
| Prochlorperazine (Stemetil) or metoclopramide with parkinsonism | 1 | 0 |
| D. Respiratory system | 4 (10.0%) | 1 (3.7%) |
| Nebulised ipratropium with glaucoma | 4 | 1 |
| E. Musculoskeletal system | 5 (12.5%) | 0 |
| NSAID with moderate-to-severe hypertension | 2 | 0 |
| NSAID with heart failure | 1 | 0 |
| Warfarin and NSAID together | 1 | 0 |
| NSAID with chronic renal failure | 1 | 0 |
| F. Urogenital system | 8 (20.0%) | 8 (28.6%) |
| α-Blockers in men with frequent incontinence—ie, one or more episodes of incontinence daily | 6 | 4 |
| α-Blockers with long-term urinary catheter in situ—ie, >2 months | 2 | 4 |
| H. Drugs that adversely affect fallers | 3 (7.5%) | 9 (32.1%) |
| Benzodiazepines | 1 | 6 |
| Neuroleptic drugs | 2 | 2 |
| Long-term opiates in those with recurrent falls | 0 | 1 |
| J. Duplicate drug classes | 6 (15.0%) | 1 (3.7%) |
| Any duplicate drug class prescription—eg, two concurrent opiates, NSAIDs, SSRIs, loop diuretics, ACE inhibitors | 6 | 1 |
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, PIM, potentially inappropriate medications; SSRIs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.