Table 1.
Examples of various CPP types.
| CPP name | Sequence | Origin | Class | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-1 TAT protein, TAT48-60 | GRKKRRQRRRPPQ | Natural (HIV-1 TAT protein) | Cationic | (Joliot et al., 1991) |
| Penetratin, pAntp43-58 | RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK | Natural (Antennapedia Drosophilamelanogaster) | Cationic | (Joliot et al., 1991; Derossi et al., 1994) |
| Polyarginines | Rn | Synthetic | Cationic | (Futaki et al., 2001) |
| HRSV | RRIPNRRPRR | Natural | Cationic | (Milletti, 2012) |
| AIP6 | RLRWR | natural | Cationic | (Milletti, 2012) |
| MPG | GALFLGFLGAAGSTMGAWSQPKKKRKV | HIV glycoprotein 41/ SV40 T antigen NLS | Membranotropic CPP/Primary Amphipathic | (Morris et al., 2008) |
| Pep-1 | KETWWETWWTEWSQPKKRKV | ’’ | Membranotropic CPP/Primary Amphipathic | (Heitz et al., 2009) |
| ARF(1-22) | MVRRFLVTLRIRRACGPPRVRV | Natural | Membranotropic CPP/Primary Amphipathic | (Milleti, 2012) |
| pVEC | LLIILRRRIRKQAHAHSK | Natural | Membranotropic CPP/Primary Amphipathic | (Elmquist et al., 2001) |
| Transportan | GWTLNSAGYLLGKINLKALAALAKKIL | Synthetic | Membranotropic CPP/Primary Amphipathic | (Pooga et al., 1998) |
| MAP17 | QLALQLALQALQAALQLA | Synthetic | Secondary amphipathic α-helical | (Milletti, 2012) |
| VT5 | DPKGDPKGVTVTVTVTVTGKGDPKPD | Synthetic | Amphipathic (β-sheet) | (Oehlke et al., 1997) |
| Bac7 | RRIRPRPPRLPRPRPRPLPFPRPG | Synthetic | Amphipathic &s (Proline rich) | (Sadler et al., 2002) |
| (PPR)n | (PPR)3, (PPR)4, (PPR)5, (PPR)6 | Synthetic | Proline-rich amphipathic CPPs | (Milletti, 2012) |
| gH625 | NH2-HGLASTLTRWAHYNALIRAF-CONH2 | Natural (Glycoprotein gH of HSV type I) | Membranotropic CPPs | (Smaldone et al., 2013) |
| GALA | WEAALAEALAEALAEHLAEALAEALEALAA | Synthetic | Membranotropic CPP /Secondary amphipathic α-helical | (Milletti, 2012) |
| INF7 | GLFEAIEGFIENGWEGMIDGWYGC | Influenza HA2 fusion peptide | Membranotropic CPP /Secondary amphipathic α-helical | (El-Sayed et al., 2009) |
| CADY | GLWRALWRLLRSLWRLLWRA | PPTG1 peptide | Membranotropic CPP /Secondary amphipathic α-helical | (Konate et al., 2010) |
| C105Y | CSIPPEVKFNKPFVYLI | Natural(1-Antitrypsin) | Hydrophobic | (Rhee & Davis, 2006) |
| PFVYLI | PFVYLI | Synthetic | Hydrophobic | (Rhee & Davis, 2006) |
| Pep-7 | SDLWEMMMVSLACQY | CHL8 peptide phage clone | Hydrophobic | (Gao et al., 2002) |