Fig 2. Ranges of Common Chiffchaff subspecies (different colors), sample localities and mtDNA clades.

(Top). Sampling localities of Common Chiffchaffs for this study are represented by filled circles of size proportionate to the number of individuals. The common accepted ranges of the subspecies of Common Chiffchaff are shaded and labeled. Mitochondrial ND2 haplotypes of Common Chiffchaff were represented by six well separated clades, either novel (yellow) or assignable to a subspecies or subspecies group, shaded different colors in proportion to the number of birds in each clade at each sampling location. See text for justification of assigning ND2 clades to subspecies. Two small squares under the large map show respective expanded areas of the squares with dashed borders and identified by numbers (1 and 2). In southeast Europe (1), P. c. abietinus alleles predominate in the east and P. c. collybita in the west, though birds with P. c. brevirostris/caucasicus alleles were also found. In the Caucasus and Transcaucasia (2) there is a potential zone of introgression between P. c. brevirostris/caucasicus and P. c. menzbieri.