Table 5. The cutoff values of DNA methylation markers for distinguishing high-grade cytologic abnormalities (ASC-H+ vs. NILM/ASC-US/LSIL) and cytologic abnormalities (ASC-US+ vs. NILM) in HPV-positive women.
| DNA methylation markers | Best cutoffs (% methylation) |
Sensitivity % (95% CI) |
Specificity % (95% CI) |
PPV % |
NPV % |
Accuracy % | AUC (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytologic ASC-H+ vs. NILM/ASC-US/LSIL | |||||||
| CADM1 | 8.197 |
73.7 (56.9–86.6) |
60.5 (52.9–68.9) |
31.82 (26.2–38.0) |
90.20 (84.2–94.1) |
63.16 (55.9–70.0) |
0.660 (0.56–0.76) |
| FAM19A4 | 7.5 |
71.1 (56.1–85.4) |
68.4 (60.4–75.7) |
35.53 (28.8–42.8) |
90.35 (84.9–94.0) |
68.42 (61.3–74.9) |
0.732 (0.64–0.83) |
| MAL | 34.78 |
76.32 (59.8–88.6) |
52.63 (44.4–60.8) |
28.71 (24.0–34.0) |
89.89 (83.1–94.1) |
57.37 (50.0–64.0) |
0.651 (0.56–0.74) |
| Cytologic ASC-US+ vs. NILM | |||||||
| CADM1 | 0.909 |
63.33 (54.1–72.0) |
60 (47.6–71.5) |
72.38 (65.8–78.1) |
48.24 (40.7–55.9) |
61.58 (54.3–68.5) |
0.6417 (0.56–0.72) |
| FAM19A4 | 1.39 |
54.17 (44.8–63.3) |
80 (68.7–88.6) |
81.25 (72.9–87.5) |
50.00 (44.3–55.7) |
63.16 (55.8–70.0) |
0.6743 (0.6–0.75) |
| MAL | 33.11 |
60 (50.7–68.8) |
52.86 (40.6–64.9) |
68.57 (62.1–74.4) |
43.53 (36.1–51.3) |
57.37 (50.0–64.5) |
0.6155 (0.54–0.7) |
AUC; Area under the ROC curve, ASC-H; Atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude HSIL, ASC-US; Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, CI; confidence interval, HSIL; High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, LSIL; Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, NILM; Negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy, NPV; negative predictive value, PPV; positive predictive value