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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jan 4.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Chem Eng. 2018 Nov 26;22:209–215. doi: 10.1016/j.coche.2018.11.001

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

In adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) an organism is cultured for many generations under specific conditions of interest. In the process, the fitness (typically growth rate) is improved as beneficial mutations are selected for and accumulate, and metabolism is rewired to facilitate the enhanced phenotype.