Table 2.
Baseline characteristics and CMR results
| Variable | Volunteer Gadofesveset (n = 10) |
Volunteer Gadobutrol (n = 10) |
HFpEF Patients (n = 6) |
Post-MI Patients (n = 6) |
Overall p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agea | 35 ± 15 | 36 ± 11 | 69 ± 10 | 58 ± 13 | < 0.001 |
| BMI | 23 ± 1 | 24 ± 3 | 26 ± 3 | 27 ± 3 | 0.099 |
| Gender (male) n, % | 7 (70) | 7 (70) | 5 (83) | 4 (67) | 0.771 |
| Dyspnea (%)e | n.a | n.a | 4 (67%) | 0 (0) | 0.014 |
| Symptomtic PAD | n.a | n.a | 2 (33%) | 0 (0) | |
| Hypertension n, (%) | n.a | n.a | 6 (100) | 5 (83) | 0.296 |
| Hypercholesterolemia n, (%) | n.a | n.a | 4 (67) | 3 (50) | 0.558 |
| Active Smoking n, (%) | n.a | n.a | 4 (67) | 3 (50) | 0.557 |
| Family for CAD n, (%) | n.a | n.a | 1 (17) | 1 (17) | NA |
| Diabetes n (%) | n.a | n.a | 2 (33) | 0 (0) | 0.455 |
| LVEDVI (ml/m2) | 87 ± 14 | 84 ± 10 | 79 ± 16 | 95 ± 16 | 0.247 |
| LVESVI (ml/m2) | 33 ± 7 | 33 ± 5 | 44 ± 26 | 52 ± 17 | 0.064 |
| LVEF (%)d | 63 ± 6 | 61 ± 12 | 58 ± 10 | 46 ± 11 | 0.002 |
| LVMI (g/m2)b | 60 ± 11 | 61 ± 17 | 85 ± 11 | 73 ± 16 | 0.009 |
| LVM/LVEDVc, b | 0.70 ± 11 | 0.72 ± 0,17 | 1.10 ± 0.15 | 0.77 ± 0.14 | < 0.001 |
| Global Longitudinal Strain (%)b | −22.78 | −21.52 | −16.43 | −17.07 | 0.015 |
| Ischemic Scar n, (%)f | n.a | n.a | n.a | 6 (100) | n.a |
| Ischemic Scar Extent (% LV mass) f | n.a | n.a | n.a | 8.4 ± 2.9 | n.a. |
| Native T1 septum (ms) a | 1000 ± 19 | 989 ± 27 | 1028 ± 31 | 1029 ± 44 | 0.029 |
| Native T1 blood (ms) | 1568 ± 85 | 1601 ± 110 | 1607 ± 101 | 1474 ± 257 | 0.317 |
| T2 septum (ms) | 43.8 ± 1.4 | 45.3 ± 1.8 | 46.2 ± 1.0 | 44.7 ± 3.0 | 0.099 |
| Hct | 0.43 ± 0.04 | 0.043 ± 0.06 | 0.40 ± 0.06 | 0.43 ± 0.04 | 0.726 |
| ECV septumb | n.a. | 0.244 ± 0.037 | 0.304 ± 0.0159 | 0.270 ± 0.017 | 0.003 |
| IVV septum | 0.135 ± 0.018 | n.a. | 0.155 ± 0.033 | 0.146 ± 0.038 | 0.413 |
| Interstitial Space | n.a | n.a | 0.149 ± 0.033 | 0.124 ± 0.044 | 0.281 |
aBonferroni post-hoc analysis with p < 0.05 between post-MI and HFpEF versus the controls; bBonferroni post-hoc analysis with p < 0.05 between HFpEF versus the controls; cBonferroni post-hoc analysis with p < 0.05 between HFpEF versus post-MI patients; dBonferroni post-hoc analysis with p < 0.05 between post-MI patients versus controls; 1 patient in the HFpEF group with EF < 50% (= 48%). epatients were limited by peripheral arterial disease; fScar on late gadolinium enhancement. Hct: hematocrit; PAD: peripheral arterial disease