Table 1.
Anthropometric and biomedical characteristics in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage G1–G3.
| CKD Stage | G1 | G2–G3 |
| N = 60 | N = 26 | |
| Gender: M:F | 35:25 | 19:7 |
| Underlying disease: CAKUT: non-CAKUT | 33:27 | 22:4 * |
| Age, years | 9.5 (5.2–13) | 13.7 (7.9–16.2) * |
| Body height, percentile | 50 (25–75) | 25 (15–75) |
| Body weight, percentile | 50 (15–85) | 25 (15–78) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 106 (99–115) | 119 (108–127) * |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 68 (61–77) | 70 (63–79) |
| Body mass index, kg·m−2 | 17 (15.6–20.8) | 17.3 (15.7–23.5) |
| Hypertension (by office blood pressure) | 18 (30%) | 11 (42%) |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mg/dL | 11 (10–13) | 17 (13–20) * |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.48 (0.39–0.53) | 0.89 (0.65–1.18) * |
| eGFR, mL·min−1·1.73 m−2 | 113 (103–129) | 79 (54–85) * |
| Urine total protein-to-creatinine ratio, mg/g | 64 (38–262) | 57 (35–213) |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 13.4 (12.8–14.1) | 14 (12.5–15.4) |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 163 (142–197) | 171 (147–182) |
| LDL, mg/dL | 90 (68–111) | 88 (77–100) |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 67 (52–101) | 70 (52–103) |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 86 (82–91) | 89 (85–93) |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 4.8 (3.9–5.7) | 6.6 (5.9–7.6) * |
| Sodium, mEq/L | 141 (140–142) | 141 (140–142) |
| Potassium, mEq/L | 4.4 (4.2–4.6) | 4.4 (4.2–4.6) |
| Calcium, mg/dL | 9.6 (9.2–9.9) | 9.8 (9.5–10) |
| Phosphate, mg/dL | 4.9 (4.7–5.3) | 4.8 (4.1–5.1) |
Data are medians [25th, 75th percentile] or n (%). * p < 0.05 by the Chi-square test or Mann–Whitney U-test. CKD: chronic kidney disease; CAKUT: congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDL: low-density lipoprotein.