| TGP | Total glucosides of paeony |
| TGP-S | TGP saline solution |
| TGP-E | Paeoniflorin-loaded ethosomal solution |
| EE | Encapsulation efficiency |
| DL | Drug loading |
| PS | Particle size |
| ZP | Zeta potential |
| PDI | Polydispersity index |
| Qn | Accumulative penetration amount |
| ST | Solution transdermal |
| MST | MN-assisted TGP solution transdermal |
| PT | TGP-E transdermal |
| MPT | MN-assisted TGP-E transdermal |
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