Table 10.

Reproductive tissues. Decellularization techniques, biomechanical tests, recellularization methods, and in vivo implant of human urogenital extracellular matrices.

Tissues	Decellularization Methods	Biomechanical Tests	In Vitro Recellularization	In Vivo Implant	References
Testis	1% Triton X-100	-	-	-	Baert et al., 2015 [272] Baert et al., 2017 [273]
	1% SDS (*)		Seeding of human testicular cells from orchidectomy
	1% Triton X-100 + 1% SDS		-
Glans	1% Triton X-100 and 0.1% ammonium hydroxide	Uniaxial tensile test	Perfusion of rat mesenchymal stem cells	-	Egydio et al., 2015 [275]
Corpus cavernosum	1% Triton X-100 + 5% SDS	-		Rats: sections of decellularized scaffold transplanted into the omentum and located into the scrotum	Kajbafzadeh et al., 2017 [276]
Urethra and Corpus spongiosum	1% Triton X-100 + 3% SDS	Uniaxial tensile test	Seeding or perfusion of preputial mesenchymal stem cells	In vivo implant according to Kajbafzadeh et al., 2017 [276]	Kajbafzadeh et al., 2017 [277]
Penile tunica albuginea	PEG 1000	Uniaxial strength test	-	-	da Silva et al., 2011 [274]
	Triton X-100
Prostate	5 mM EDTA and 10% dimethyl sulfoxide + 1% TrytonX-100 + 0.5 M NaCl + 10 mM sodium cholate + 50 mM Tris-HCl + 100 U/mL Benzonase®	-	Seeding of primary prostate cancer cells		Cazzaniga et al., 2016 [278]
Ovary	1% sodium lauryl ester sulfate + DNase I	-	Seeding of rat primary ovarian cells	Immature female rats: acellular and recellularized scaffolds onto the renal fat pad after ovariectomy	Hassanpour et al., 2018 [279]
Myometrium	70% Ethanol + 0.25% Trypsin/EDTA	-	Seeding of human myometrial cells	-	Young and Goloman, 2013 [280]
Endometrium	0.25% Triton X-100 and 0.25% SDS + ribonuclease and DNase I	-	Seeding of human endometrial cells	-	Olalekan et al., 2017 [281]

PEG, polyethylene glycol; SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate; + means that separate cycles were performed; ‘and’ means that a mixture was performed between different substances; (*) best protocol.