| UCP-1 | uncoupling protein 1 |
| FNDC5 | fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 |
| VAT | visceral adipose tissue |
| SAT | subcutaneous adipose tissue |
| MS | metabolic syndrome |
| BMI | body mass index |
| WC | waist circumference |
| LDL-c | lipoprotein-c |
| FFM | fat free mass |
| AAs | amenorrheic athletes |
| EAs | eumenorrheic athletes |
| BMD | bone mineral density |
| NAs | non-athletes |
| T1DM | type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| SBP | systolic blood pressure |
| DBP | diastolic blood pressure |
| SGA | small for gestational age |
| AGA | appropriate for gestational age |
| LGA | large for gestational age |
| IUGR | intrauterine growth restriction |
| rhGH | recombinant human growth hormone |