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Histone and DNA methylation and demethylation. Histone methylation adds methyl group to the residue of histone tails and increases gene transcription by uncoiling DNA from histone and opening more DNA binding sites to transcriptional factors. DNA methylation happens between paired CG groups in DNA sequences. It prohibits the transcriptional factors binding to DNA and represses the gene transcription. H: Histone; HT: Histone tails; Me: Methylation; TF: Transcriptional factor.
