| BMI | Body Mass Index |
| CD31 | Cluster of differentiation 31 |
| CK7 | Cytokeratin 7 |
| CREB/CRTC2 | cAMP responsive element binding protein 1/CREB regulated transcriptional coactivator 2 |
| DM2 | Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 |
| DMEM | Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium |
| EVT | Extra-villous trophoblast cells |
| FBS | Fetal bovine serum |
| FOXO1 | Forkhead box protein O1 |
| g | Gramm |
| GDM | Gestational Diabetes Mellitus |
| h | Hours |
| H3K4me3 | Trimethylation of Histone 3 at lysine 4 |
| H3K9ac | Acetylation of Histone 3 at lysine 9 |
| HAT | Histone acetyltransferase |
| HDAC | Histone deacetylase |
| HOMA-IR | Homeostatic model assessment—insulin resistance |
| HVT | Human villous trophoblast cells |
| IRS | Immunoreactivity score |
| LGA | Large for gestational age |
| M | Molar |
| mRNA | Messanger ribonuclease |
| ncRNA | Non-coding ribonuclease |
| oGTT | Oral glucose tolerance test |
| OR | Odds ratio |
| PTM | Post-translational modifications |
| RR | Relative Risk |
| SCT | Syncytiotrophoblast |
| TFIID | Transcription factor II D |
| TSS | Transcriptional start site |
| VDR | Vitamin D receptor |
| VEGF-A | Vascular endothelial growth factor A |
| Vit. D | Vitamin D |
| WB | Western Blot |