Table 1.
Ethanol production of Z. mobilis under acetic acid or low pH stresses
| Strain | Fermentation time (h) | Glucose consumed (g/L) | Ethanol | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Titer (g/L) | Yield (g/g glucose consumed) | Productivity (g/L/h) | ||||
| 50 g/L glucose, pH 6.0 | This study | |||||
| AQ8-1 | 28 | 48.06 ± 0.64 | 23.44 ± 1.25 | 0.49 ± 0.03 | 0.84 ± 0.04 | |
| AC8-9 | 28 | 48.65 ± 0.84 | 24.45 ± 1.08 | 0.50 ± 0.02 | 0.87 ± 0.04 | |
| PH1-29 | 24 | 49.32 ± 0.60 | 23.82 ± 0.44 | 0.48 ± 0.00 | 0.99 ± 0.02 | |
| ZM4 | 28 | 45.03 ± 0.28 (< 0.01) |
23.11 ± 0.06 (0.29) |
0.51 ± 0.00 (0.17) |
0.83 ± 0.00 (0.54) |
|
| 50 g/L glucose + 5 g/L acetic acid | ||||||
| AQ8-1 | 20 | 51.77 ± 0.29 | 23.67 ± 2.61 | 0.46 ± 0.05 | 1.18 ± 0.13 | |
| AC8-9 | 20 | 51.42 ± 0.40 | 25.67 ± 0.23 | 0.50 ± 0.01 | 1.28 ± 0.01 | |
| ZM4 | 32 | 50.41 ± 0.54 (0.03) |
23.47 ± 0.45 (0.32) |
0.47 ± 0.00 (0.36) |
0.73 ± 0.01 (< 0.01) |
|
| 50 g/L glucose + 7 g/L acetic acid | ||||||
| AQ8-1 | 40 | 49.74 ± 0.81 | 25.41 ± 0.43 | 0.51 ± 0.01 | 0.64 ± 0.01 | |
| AC8-9 | 56 | 51.24 ± 0.54 | 25.34 ± 0.44 | 0.49 ± 0.00 | 0.45 ± 0.01 | |
| ZM4 | 60 | 7.35 ± 1.10 (< 0.01) |
2.77 ± 0.05 (< 0.01) |
0.38 ± 0.07 (0.01) |
0.05 ± 0.00 (< 0.01) |
|
| 50 g/L glucose + 8 g/L acetic acid | ||||||
| AQ8-1 | 64 | 49.59 ± 0.27 | 20.76 ± 1.16 | 0.42 ± 0.02 | 0.32 ± 0.02 | |
| AC8-9 | 72 | 41.85 ± 4.22 | 21.46 ± 1.11 | 0.43 ± 0.00 | 0.30 ± 0.02 | |
| ZM4 | 76 | 3.00 ± 0.32 (< 0.01) |
0.48 ± 0.03 (< 0.01) |
0.16 ± 0.01 (< 0.01) |
0.01 ± 0.00 (< 0.01) |
|
| 50 g/L glucose, pH 4.0 | ||||||
| PH1-29a | 24 | 49.60 ± 0.45 | 23.84 ± 0.56 | 0.48 ± 0.01 | 0.99 ± 0.02 | |
| PH1-29b | 32 | 50.23 ± 0.01 | 23.09 ± 1.08 | 0.46 ± 0.02 | 0.72 ± 0.03 | |
| ZM4a | 40 | 23.15 ± 1.24 | 11.00 ± 0.38 | 0.48 ± 0.01 | 0.27 ± 0.01 | |
| ZM4b | 40 | 8.51 ± 0.34 (< 0.01) |
3.87 ± 0.06 (< 0.01) |
0.46 ± 0.02 (0.28) |
0.10 ± 0.00 (< 0.01) |
|
| 50 g/L glucose, pH 3.5 | ||||||
| PH1-29a | 52 | 49.89 ± 0.16 | 23.04 ± 2.63 | 0.46 ± 0.05 | 0.44 ± 0.05 | |
| PH1-29b | 88 | 50.05 ± 0.02 | 23.93 ± 0.19 | 0.48 ± 0.00 | 0.27 ± 0.00 | |
| ZM4a | 60 | 3.17 ± 0.48 (< 0.01) |
1.45 ± 0.16 (< 0.01) |
0.46 ± 0.02 (0.73) |
0.02 ± 0.00 (< 0.01) |
|
| 100 g/L glucose 2.1 g/L acetic acid, pH 4.22c | Ma et al. | |||||
| A7-2 | 24 | N/A | 49.05 | 0.49 | 2.04 | |
| 100 g/L glucose 4.2 g/L acetic acid, pH 3.97c | ||||||
| A7-2 | 24 | N/A | 48.69 | 0.49 | 2.03 | |
| 100 g/L glucose 6.3 g/L acetic acid, pH 3.85c | ||||||
| A7-2 | 24 | N/A | 47.53 | 0.48 | 1.98 | |
| 100 g/L glucose 6.3 g/L acetic acid pH 6.0d | Zhao et al. | |||||
| ZM401 | 24 | 99.9 | 48.9 | 0.49 | 2.04 | |
| ZM4 | 24 | 99.9 | 46.0 | 0.46 | 1.92 | |
| 100 g/L glucose 8.4 g/L acetic acid, pH 6.0d | ||||||
| ZM401 | 24 | 99.9 | 48.3 | 0.48 | 2.01 | |
| ZM4 | 24 | 97.6 | 44.0 | 0.45 | 1.83 | |
| 100 g/L glucose 10.5 g/L acetic acid, pH 6.0d | ||||||
| ZM401 | 36 | 97.4 | 46.2 | 0.47 | 1.28 | |
| ZM4 | 48 | 67.5 | 23.9 | 0.35 | 0.50 | |
| 120 g/L glucose 16 g/L sodium acetate, pH 5.0 | Liu et al. | |||||
| ZMA-142e | 56 | 103.9 | 48.0 | 0.46 | 0.86 | |
| ZMA-142f | 36 | 97.2 | 60.8 | 0.63 | 1.69 | |
| ZMA-167e | 64 | 100.7 | 44.3 | 0.44 | 0.69 | |
| ZMA-167f | 38 | 86.6 | 47.4 | 0.55 | 1.25 | |
p values calculated by one-way ANOVA are listed in brackets. Three repeats were performed for each strain, and error bars indicated standard deviation
aSterilized and bunsterilized RM containing 50 g/L glucose
cConcentrations of acetic acid were evaluated based on that original data (0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% (v/v) acetic acid was added, respectively)
dAdding 2 N KOH to adjust pH value to 6.0
eSeed culture in RM; fermentation in RM with 195 mM sodium acetate
fSeed culture in RM with 146 mM sodium acetate; fermentation in RM with 195 mM sodium acetate