Table 2.
Maternal Peripartum Serum Concentrations of Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ng/g Lipids) and Urinary Pyrethroid Metabolites (μg/L; Specific-Gravity–Corrected) Among Participants in the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and Their Environment, Limpopo Province, South Africa, 2012–2013
| Compound | No. of Persons | Detection Frequency, % | Quantification Frequency, % | Geometric Mean (GSD) | Minimum | Percentile | Maximum | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25th | 50th | 75th | 90th | |||||||
| p,p′-DDT | 751 | 98.0 | 90.7 | 69.6 (6.7) | <LOD | 18.9 | 55.3 | 261.0 | 946.2 | 15,027.6 |
| p,p′-DDE | 751 | 100 | 97.2 | 287.9 (4.8) | 4.0 | 91.8 | 242.2 | 878.9 | 2,577.7 | 26,301.3 |
| o,p′-DDT | 751 | 90.6 | 43.3 | 8.9 (4.6) | <LOD | 3.4 | 7.1 | 22.7 | 72.0 | 2,029.3 |
| cis-DBCA | 738 | 100 | 99.6 | 0.23 (3.41) | <0.01 | 0.10 | 0.23 | 0.47 | 1.12 | 17.83 |
| 3-PBA | 737 | 100 | 100 | 0.72 (2.80) | 0.02 | 0.38 | 0.71 | 1.36 | 2.39 | 58.90 |
| cis-DCCA | 738 | 100 | 99.9 | 0.31 (2.94) | 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.30 | 0.59 | 1.03 | 103.50 |
| trans-DCCA | 738 | 100 | 99.6 | 0.36 (3.43) | 0.01 | 0.16 | 0.34 | 0.78 | 1.49 | 132.88 |
Abbreviations: DBCA, (2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; DCCA, (2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; DDE, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; DDT, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; F3-PBA, 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid; GSD, geometric standard deviation; LOD, limit of detection; 3-PBA, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid.