Table 1.
Comparison of Fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQ-R) Escherichia coli Clones H30 and Sequence Type 1193 by Prevalence Among Other FQ-R E. coli by Collection Site, Year, Patients’ Age, Clinical Source, and Prevalence of Resistance to Other Antibiotics
| Category | Specific Group (Total No. of Isolates) |
H30a | ST1193a | P Valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siteb | Total (N = 1314)c | 589 (45.5 ± 5.8) | 301 (23.2 ± 7.2) | <.001 |
| KPWA (n = 308) | 121 (39.3) | 72 (23.4) | <.001 | |
| Harborview Medical Center (n = 183) | 86 (47.0) | 60 (32.8) | .031 | |
| Seattle Children’s Hospital (n = 163) | 69 (42.3) | 37 (22.7) | .002 | |
| Minneapolis VA Medical Center (n = 147) | 74 (50.3) | 20 (13.6) | <.001 | |
| Hennepin Medical Center (n = 152) | 79 (52.0) | 38 (25.0) | <.001 | |
| Keck USC Medical Center (n = 139) | 63 (45.3) | 21 (15.1) | <.001 | |
| LAC + USC Medical Center (n = 93) | 33 (35.5) | 22 (23.7) | .14 | |
| NYU Langone Medical Center (n = 80) | 42 (52.5) | 14 (17.5) | <.001 | |
| NYU Langone Brooklyn Hospital (n = 49) | 22 (44.9) | 17 (34.7) | .42 | |
| Yearb,c,d | 2011 (n = 209) | 107 (52.8 ± 5.3) | 9 (3.4 ± 1.3) | <.001 |
| 2016–2017 (n = 801) | 350 (44.7 ± 2.4) | 189 (23.1 ± 3.9) | ||
| 2016 (n = 676) | 303 (45.8 ± 2.8) | 124 (18.4 ± 1.6) | .018 | |
| 2017 (n = 589) | 264 (46.1 ± 2.7) | 160 (25.9 ± 3.2) | ||
| Age, yb | 18–40 (n = 70) | 28 (40.0) | 9 (12.9) | .002 |
| >40 (n = 185) | 116 (62.7) | 8 (4.3) | ||
| Specimenb | Urine (n = 1259) | 552 (43.8) | 293 (23.3) | .023 |
| Blood (n = 47) | 31 (66.0) | 6 (12.8) | ||
| Resistance to antibioticsa,b | Amoxicillin-clavulanate | 296 (50.3) | 75 (24.9) | <.001 |
| Cefazolin | 256 (43.6) | 38 (12.7) | <.001 | |
| TMP-SMX | 276 (46.9) | 163 (54.2) | .019 | |
| Nitrofurantoin | 39 (6.6) | 19 (6.3) | .96 | |
| Imipenem | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.3) | .78 | |
| Tetracycline | 262 (44.7) | 157 (52.2) | .016 | |
| ESBL producer | 190 (32.4) | 24 (8.0) | <.001 |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: ESBL, extended-spectrum β-lactamase; KPWA, Kaiser Permanente Washington; LAC, Los Angeles County; NYU, New York University; ST, sequence type; TMP-SMX, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; USC, University of Southern California; VA, Veterans Affairs.
aFor each category except resistance to antibiotics, the percentage of isolates belonging to a specific clone is given in parenthesis; for resistance to antibiotics other than FQ the number of resistant isolates within a specific clone is given with % from all isolates belonging to this clone in parenthesis.
b P values indicate significance of the difference between H30 and ST1193 characteristics, estimated in likelihood ratio test for prevalence by site; in logistic regression with adjustment by site for time-dependent changes; in χ2 test for association with specific age group or specific specimen; in χ2 or, if appropriate, 2-tailed Fisher exact test for prevalence of resistance to other antibiotic classes.
cFor the total prevalence, the mean ± standard error of the by-site prevalence (%) is given in parentheses.
dPrevalence by year is calculated for 4 sites when 2011 is compared to combined 2016–2017, and for 8 sites when 2016 is compared to 2017.