Table 1.
Association of Study Cohort Characteristics With Transmitted Drug Resistance
| Characteristic | Overall (N = 4253) | Wild-type (n = 3662) | TDR (n = 591) | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, mean | 39.5 | 39.6 | 39.2 | .4 |
| HIV-1 RNA, mean, log copies/mL | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 1 |
| CD4 count, mean, cells/µL | 376 | 372 | 402 | .02 |
| Male, % | 90.5 | 90.5 | 90.3 | 1 |
| Race/ethnicity, % | ||||
| White | 42.5 | 43.0 | 39.3 | .1 |
| Black/African American | 20.9 | 21.5 | 17.0 | .01 |
| Hispanic/Latino | 19.2 | 18.9 | 21.4 | .2 |
| Asian | 8.0 | 7.5 | 11.5 | .001 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1 |
| Unknown | 9.0 | 8.7 | 10.3 | .2 |
| Transmission risk, % | ||||
| MSM | 59.2 | 59.2 | 59.2 | 1 |
| Heterosexual contact | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.3 | .95 |
| Bisexual contact | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.7 | .91 |
| Intravenous drug useb | 6.2 | 6.2 | 5.8 | .73 |
| Transfusion | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0 | .17 |
| Perinatal | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | .17 |
| Unknown | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.8 | .89 |
| Subtype, % | ||||
| Subtype B | 95.3 | 94.9 | 97.6 | .005 |
| Subtype C | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.0 | .7 |
| CRF01_AE | 1.2 | 1.4 | 0.2 | .02 |
| CRF02_AG | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 | .7 |
| Subtype A | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0 | .2 |
| Other subtypes/CRFs | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.9 | .4 |
Except for continuous data, given as means, data are shown as percentages of the total number of individuals indicated in the column headers.
Abbreviations: CRF, circulating recombinant form; HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1; MSM, men who have sex with men; TDR, transmitted drug resistance.
aStudent t test was used for comparisons of continuous data (age, HIV-1 RNA, and CD4 cell count). The χ2 test was used for comparisons of categorical data.
bIntravenous drug users included individuals with or without MSM as a risk factor.