Table 2.
Performance characteristics of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, V49.86 code for do-not-resuscitate status
| Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | AUC | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | LR+ | LR− | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients |
69.2 (68.2–70.3) | 99.7 (99.6–99.7) | 0.84 (0.84–0.85) | 94.0 (93.3–94.6) | 97.6 (97.5–97.7) | 198.0 (177.5–220.9) | 0.31 (0.30–0.32) | |
| Died in hospital |
67.4 (65.4–69.4) | 93.7 (90.7–96.0) | 0.81 (0.79–0.82) | 98.4 (97.6–99.0) | 33.5 (30.6–36.5) | 10.7 (7.2–15.9)) | 0.35 (0.32–0.37) | |
| Survived hospitalization |
69.9 (68.7–71.2) | 99.7 (99.6–99.7) | 0.85 (0.84–0.85) | 92.4 (91.5–93.2) | 98.3 (98.2–98.4) | 214.3 (191.3–240.1) | 0.30 (0.29–0.31) | |
| Admitted to ICU |
||||||||
| Yes |
65.5 (63.5–67.5) | 99.5 (99.4–99.6) | 0.83 (0.82–0.83) | 96.3 (95.2–97.1) | 93.7 (93.2–94.1) | 131.4 (101.7–169.7) | 0.35 (0.33–0.37) | |
| No |
70.9 (69.6–72.2) | 99.7 (99.6–99.7) | 0.85 (0.85–0.86) | 93.0 (92.2–93.8) | 98.2 (98.1–98.3) | 216.2 (191.6–244.0) | 0.29 (0.28–0.30) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index, % |
||||||||
| 0 |
58.6 (55.9–61.2) | 99.8 (99.8–99.9) | 0.79 (0.78–0.80) | 91.7 (89.7–93.4) | 98.8 (98.7–98.9) | 373.3 (296.1–470.8) | 0.41 (0.39–0.44) | |
| 1–2 |
70.7 (68.9–72.5) | 99.6 (99.5–99.6) | 0.85 (0.84–0.86) | 93.7 (92.5–94.8) | 97.4 (97.2–97.6) | 163.1 (135.8–195.9) | 0.29 (0.28–0.31) | |
| ≥3 |
72.4 (70.9–73.9) | 99.3 (99.2–99.4) | 0.86 (0.85–0.87) | 94.9 (94.0–95.7) | 95.2 (94.9–95.5) | 103.8 (87.7–122.8) | 0.28 (0.26–0.29) | |
| Metastatic cancer |
||||||||
| Yes |
71.5 (69.2–73.7) | 99.4 (99.3–99.6) | 0.85 (0.84–0.87) | 95.7 (94.4–96.8) | 95.3 (94.8–95.7) | 129.5 (98.3–170.5) | 0.29 (0.27–0.31) | |
| No |
68.6 (67.4–69.8) | 99.7 (99.6–99.7) | 0.84 (0.84–0.85) | 93.5 (92.7–94.2) | 97.9 (97.8–98.0) | 209.6 (186.0–236.1) | 0.32 (0.30–0.33) | |
| Pneumonia |
||||||||
| Yes |
75.7 (71.3–79.8) | 99.0 (98.3–99.4) | 0.87 (0.85–0.89) | 95.7 (92.9–97.6) | 93.1 (91.6–94.3) | 73.5 (43.5–124.1) | 0.25 (0.21–0.29) | |
| No |
68.8 (67.7–69.9) | 99.7 (99.6–99.7) | 0.84 (0.84–0.85) | 93.9 (93.2–94.5) | 97.7 (97.6–97.8) | 202.7 (181.3–226.7) | 0.31 (0.30–0.32) | |
| Heart failure |
||||||||
| Yes |
72.5 (70.7–74.2) | 99.1 (99.0–99.3) | 0.86 (0.85–0.87) | 94.2 (93.0–95.2) | 95.0 (94.6–95.3) | 84.2 (70.0–101.3) | 0.28 (0.26–0.30) | |
| No |
67.5 (66.2–68.8) | 99.7 (99.7–99.8) | 0.84 (0.83–0.84) | 93.9 (93.0–94.6) | 98.1 (98.0–98.2) | 254.6 (222.3–291.5) | 0.33 (0.31–0.34) | |
| Acute myocardial infarction |
||||||||
| Yes |
74.7 (70.1–78.9) | 99.2 (98.7–99.5) | 0.87 (0.85–0.89) | 94.8 (91.7–97.0) | 95.3 (94.3–96.2) | 94.2 (57.7–154.1) | 0.26 (0.22–0.30) | |
| No |
68.9 (67.8–70.0) | 99.7 (99.6–99.7) | 0.84 (0.84–0.85) | 93.9 (93.2–94.6) | 97.7 (97.6–97.8) | 202.8 (181.3–226.9) | 0.31 (0.30–0.32) | |
| COPD |
||||||||
| Yes |
67.1 (59.4–74.1) | 99.5 (98.9–99.8) | 0.83 (0.80–0.87) | 95.8 (90.5–98.6) | 94.8 (93.3–96.0) | 137.6 (57.0–332.0) | 0.33 (0.27–0.41) | |
| No |
69.3 (68.2–70.3) | 99.7 (99.6–99.7) | 0.84 (0.84–0.85) | 93.9 (93.3–94.6) | 97.7 (97.6–97.8) | 199.0 (178.3–222.2) | 0.31 (0.30–0.32) | |
| Stroke |
||||||||
| Yes |
74.2 (69.2–78.8) | 99.2 (98.7–99.6) | 0.87 (0.84–0.89) | 95.5 (92.2–97.6) | 94.7 (93.5–95.7) | 97.7 (55.4–172.2) | 0.26 (0.22–0.31) | |
| No | 69.0 (67.9–70.1) | 99.7 (99.6–99.7) | 0.84 (0.84–0.85) | 93.9 (93.2–94.5) | 97.7 (97.6–97.8) | 201.4 (180.2–225.1) | 0.31 (0.30–0.32) | |
Definition of abbreviations: AUC = area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU = intensive care unit; LR = likelihood ratio; NPV = negative predictive value; PPV = positive predictive value.