Table 2.
Microbial aetiology of CAP stratified by cardiac event
| No cardiac event | Any cardiac event | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proven | Possible | Proven | Possible | |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 191 (12.8%) | 48 (3.2%) | 20 (17.4%) | 1 (0.9%) |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 5 (0.3%) | 102 (6.9%) | 1 (0.9%) | 9 (7.8%) |
| Moraxella catarrhalis | – | 16 (1.1%) | – | 2 (1.7%) |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 7 (0.5%) | 41 (2.8%) | – | 4 (3.5%) |
| Other gram positives | 8 (0.5%) | 11 (0.7%) | 1 (0.9%) | – |
| Escherichia coli | 7 (0.5%) | 33 (2.2%) | 2 (1.7%) | 2 (1.7%) |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 1 (0.1%) | 10 (0.7%) | – | 2 (1.7%) |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | – | 29 (1.9%) | – | 2 (1.7%) |
| Other gram negatives | 5 (0.3%) | 56 (3.8%) | – | 6 (5.2%) |
| Legionella pneumophila | 14 (0.9%) | 1 (0.1%) | – | – |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae | – | 21 (1.4%) | – | – |
| Mycobacteria | – | 2 (0.1%) | – | – |
| Viruses | – | 40 (2.7%) | – | 1 (0.9%) |
| Fungi / yeast | – | 30 (2.0%) | 1 (0.9%) | 1 (0.9%) |
| No Pathogen | – | 944 (63.4%) | – | 74 (64.3%) |
Proven pathogens: based on pathogens detected in blood cultures, pleural fluid cultures, and urinary antigen tests (BINAX Now for S. pneumoniae and L. pneumophila). Possible pathogens: based on pathogens detected in sputum cultures, broncho-alveolar lavage fluid cultures, and serology. Candida species cultured from sputum and common skin contaminants from blood cultures where antibiotic treatment was not changed, were considered as contamination