Table 4.

Comparison of inflammatory biomarkers between the COPD and control groups

Inflammatory biomarker	Control	COPD	P-value
CRP (mg/L)	10.3±2.3	17.8±5.5	0.383
IL-6 (pg/mL)	11.7±4.3	30.5±9.9	0.047
IL-8 (pg/mL)	35.9±5.7	51.9±7.7	0.178
TNF-α (pg/mL)	12.8±2.9	10.1±1.7	0.708

Note: Data are expressed as mean ± SEM.

Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; SEM, standard error of the mean.