TABLE 3.
Bivariable Analysis of Pneumonia-Associated Complications and Hospital Resource Use in Children with NI Admitted for Aspiration and Nonaspiration Pneumonia
| Outcome | Overall Cohort (n = 27 455) | Aspiration Pneumonia (n = 2659) | Nonaspiration Pneumonia (n = 24 796) | P a | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
| Pneumonia-associated complications | 6594 | 24.0 | 5621 | 22.7 | 973 | 36.3 | <.001 |
| Any local | 2490 | 9.1 | 137 | 5.2 | 2353 | 9.5 | <.001 |
| Empyema | 2432 | 8.9 | 132 | 5.0 | 2300 | 9.3 | <.001 |
| Lung abscess | 240 | 0.9 | 9 | 0.3 | 231 | 0.9 | .002 |
| Bronchopleural fistula | 36 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.0 | 35 | 0.1 | .160 |
| Necrotizing pneumonia | 15 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 15 | 0.1 | .210 |
| Any systemic | 4667 | 17.0 | 903 | 34.0 | 3764 | 15.2 | <.001 |
| Acute respiratory failure | 4554 | 16.6 | 884 | 33.2 | 3670 | 14.8 | <.001 |
| SIRS/sepsis | 341 | 1.2 | 74 | 72.8 | 267 | 1.0 | <.001 |
| ECMO | 32 | 0.1 | 4 | 0.2 | 28 | 0.1 | .590 |
| Hemolytic uremic syndrome | 16 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 16 | 0.1 | .190 |
| Any metastatic | 37 | 0.1 | 7 | 0.3 | 30 | 0.1 | .060 |
| Meningitis | 7 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 7 | 0.0 | .390 |
| CNS abscess | 4 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.0 | 3 | 0.0 | .300 |
| Mastoiditis | 1 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | .002 |
| Pericarditis | 8 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.0 | 7 | 0.0 | .790 |
| Endocarditis | 3 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 0.0 | .570 |
| Osteomyelitis | 13 | 0.0 | 5 | 0.2 | 8 | 0.0 | <.001 |
| Septic arthritis | 1 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 0.0 | .510 |
| LOS, median d, IQR | 3 | 2–5 | 5 | 3–10 | 3 | 2–5 | <.001 |
| 30-d all-cause readmission rate | 2141 | 7.8 | 463 | 17.4 | 1678 | 6.8 | <.001 |
| Intensive care | |||||||
| Admission | 4265 | 15.5 | 761 | 28.6 | 3504 | 14.1 | <.001 |
| Transfer | 479 | 1.7 | 115 | 4.3 | 364 | 1.5 | <.001 |
| Cost, $, median, IQR | 5509 | 3213–11 522 | 11 594 | 5841–25562 | 5162 | 3080–10249 | <.001 |
| Death | 201 | 0.7 | 46 | 1.7 | 155 | 0.6 | <.001 |
ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
a
P value for χ2 test for categorical variables and for Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables