Table 2.

Overview of vegetables and plant-derived supplements

Nutrient source (key nutrient)	Mechanism of action	Suggested benefits	Refs
Beetroot (Betalains)	Antioxidant properties	↓DMG, ↓DOMS, ↑MF	[50–54]
Green algae extract (Astaxanthin)	Antioxidant properties	↓DMG	[55, 56]

↓DMG nutrient reduced indirect markers of muscle damage compared to placebo, ↓DOMS nutrient reduced soreness and delayed-onset muscle soreness compared to placebo, INF nutrient reduced markers of inflammation compared to placebo, ↑MF nutrient improved muscle function relative to placebo