Table 3.

Comparison of evaluation index values of K-means, AP, DPC, GA-DPC, and FOA-DPC clustering algorithms.

Methods	Index	Experimental images
		1	2	3	4	5	6
K-means	SEC	1351.75	1617.53	1561.35	1473.01	1305.70	1461.69
	Image entropy	1.62	1.75	2.18	2.16	1.88	2.06
	Time/s	0.50	0.71	0.45	0.41	0.99	0.46
AP	SEC	408.99	668.22	198.23	148.84	640.34	291.53
	Image entropy	1.23	1.31	1.47	1.16	1.40	1.35
	Time/s	0.29	0.28	0.21	0.22	0.25	0.21
DPC	SEC	2005.61	2177.19	1998.54	1904.61	1998.03	1961.34
	Image entropy	3.10	3.06	3.33	3.15	2.96	3.35
	Time/s	0.77	1.51	0.74	0.67	1.62	0.63
GA-DPC	SEC	2267.98	2059.73	2234.07	2129.66	2046.04	2252.31
	Image entropy	4.09	4.18	4.33	4.24	4.07	4.44
	Time/s	80.02	124.41	73.03	69.40	121.51	72.89
FOA-DPC	SEC	2364.77	2161.95	2059.37	2213.34	2157.90	2311.20
	Image entropy	4.36	4.54	4.56	4.51	4.39	4.72
	Time/s	44.06	72.49	40.69	40.02	69.72	43.60