Table 2.

Possible Risk Factors For CDI in Patients with UC

Univariate Analysis
	C. difficile Positive N = 34		C. difficile Negative N = 68
Factors	N	Positive (%)	N	Negative (%)	P value
Use of 5-ASA	29	85.3	59	86.8	1.000
Use of systemic steroids	25	73.5	28	41.2	0.002
Use of immunosuppressants	5	14.7	5	7.4	0.610
Use of infliximab	1	2.9	2	2.9	1.000
Antibiotic exposure (within 3 mo)					0.004
No	18	62.1	52	88.1
Yes	11	37.9	7	11.9
Missing	5		9
Antibiotic exposure (within 1 mo)					0.936
No	18	62.1	34	63.0
Yes	11	37.9	20	37.0
Missing	5		14
Use of PPI (within 3 mo)					0.064
No	20	74.1	40	93.0
Yes	7	25.9	3	7.0
Missing	7		25
Parenteral nutrition (within 1 mo)					0.134
No	15	60.0	42	76.4
Yes	10	40.0	13	23.6
Missing	9		13
Prior hospitalization (within 1 mo)	23	67.6	30	44.1	0.025
Active CMV infection	14	42.4	10	14.7	0.001
Factors	N	Median (P25, P75)	N	Median (P25, P75)	P value
Dose of steroids (mg/d)	34	40.0 (0.0, 50.0)	68	0.0 (0.0, 30.0)	0.001
Multivariate Analysis – Logistic Regression
Factor	Reference		OR (95% CI)		P value
Use of systemic steroids	Yes vs. No		2.059 (0.155–27.351)		0.584
Dose of steroids (mg/d)			0.990 (0.924–1.061)		0.769
Antibiotic exposure (within 3 mo)	Yes vs. No		10.246 (0.867–121.127)		0.065
Prior hospitalization (within 1 mo)	Yes vs. No		2.888 (0.528–15.802)		0.221
Active CMV infection	Yes vs. No		13.502 (1.307–139.512)		0.029

UC ulcerative colitis, CDI Clostridium difficile infection, 5-ASA 5- aminosalicylic acid, PPI proton pump inhibitor, CMV cytomegalovirus.