Table 3.
Factors associated with the probability of belonging to a molecular transmission cluster: results from a multivariable logistic regression model
| Covariate | Odds ratio | 95% CI | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Male a | 1 | ||
| Female | 0.66 | (0.56–0.78) | < 0.001 |
| Unknown | 0.44 | (0.04–5.10) | 0.514 |
| Subtype | |||
| B a | 1 | ||
| CRF02_AG | 0.70 | (0.53–0.94) | 0.016 |
| C | 0.51 | (0.38–0.69) | < 0.001 |
| A | 0.65 | (0.48–0.89) | 0.007 |
| CRF01_AE | 0.36 | (0.24–0.54) | < 0.001 |
| Other (D,F,G) | 1.04 | (0.76–1.42) | 0.814 |
| Country | |||
| Germany a | 1 | ||
| Canada | 0.91 | (0.66–1.26) | 0.584 |
| Spain | 0.7 | (0.59–0.83) | < 0.001 |
| Norway | 0.68 | (0.49–0.94) | 0.021 |
| Austria | 0.68 | (0.50–0.92) | 0.014 |
| UK | 0.5 | (0.36–0.69) | < 0.001 |
| Italy | 0.39 | (0.29–0.53) | < 0.001 |
| France | 0.23 | (0.06–0.86) | 0.028 |
| Netherlands | 0.2 | (0.09–0.45) | < 0.001 |
| Greece | 0.17 | (0.07–0.41) | < 0.001 |
| Age at sample date | |||
| Per 10-year increase | 0.79 | (0.75–0.84) | < 0.001 |
| Sampling date | |||
| 1987–2002 a | 1 | ||
| 2003–2006 | 2.01 | (1.67–2.43) | < 0.001 |
| 2007–2008 | 2.38 | (1.95–2.91) | < 0.001 |
| 2009–2011 | 2.61 | (2.12–3.19) | < 0.001 |
| Seroconverter | |||
| No a | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.44 | (1.23–1.69) | < 0.001 |
| Risk group | |||
| MSM a | 1 | ||
| PWID | 0.62 | (0.52–0.74) | < 0.001 |
| MSW | 0.69 | (0.59–0.80) | < 0.001 |
| Haemophiliacs | 0.27 | (0.06–1.27) | 0.097 |
| Other – unknown | 0.55 | (0.42–0.72) | < 0.001 |
| Ethnicity | |||
| White a | 1 | ||
| Black | 0.44 | (0.32–0.62) | < 0.001 |
| Other | 0.70 | (0.55–0.88) | 0.002 |
| Unknown | 0.91 | (0.72–1.17) | 0.467 |
| ART-naïve at sampling | |||
| No a | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.19 | (1.04–1.35) | 0.010 |
Abbreviations: MSM men who have sex with men, PWID people who inject drugs, MSW men who have sex with men and women
a Reference category