Table 2.
Estimated score differences and 95% CIs in children’s reading scores at ages 5 and 8 years by 10-fold increases in childhood PBDE concentrations (ng/g lipid) in multiple informant models using the imputed datasets
| PBDEs | WJ−III reading scores at 5 years (β (95% CI), n=185) |
WRAT−4 Reading Composite score at 8 years ( β (95% CI), n=199) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic Reading | Brief Reading | |||||
| Unadjusted | Adjusted* | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | |
| BDE−47 | ||||||
| 1 year | −2.5 (−10.5, 5.4) | 1.4 (−5.7, 8.5) | −1.9 (−9.4, 5.6) | 1.7 (−5.5, 8.9) | −0.8 (−7.7, 6.0) | 1.0 (−4.5, 6.5) |
| 2 years | −5.7 (−12.9, 1.4) | −0.3 (−6.8, 6.3) | −4.4 (−11.2, 2.4) | 0.6 (−6.0, 7.1) | −8.1 (−14.5, −1.6) # | −1.1 (−6.6, 4.5) |
| 3 years | −4.8 (−11.8, 2.3) | −0.3 (−6.7, 6.1) | −4.0 (−10.8, 2.8) | 0.4 (−6.2, 6.9) | −6.7 (−13.0, −0.5) # | −1.5 (−6.9, 3.9) |
| 5 years | −3.3 (−9.9, 3.3) | −0.8 (−6.9, 5.3) | −3.6 (−9.9, 2.7) | −0.8 (−7.0, 5.3) | −1.5 (−6.9, 4.0) | −0.5 (−5.2, 4.2) |
| 8 years | - | - | - | - | 0.0 (−5.5, 5.5) | −0.9 (−5.8, 4.0) |
| BDE−99 | ||||||
| 1 year | −4.1 (−10.9, 2.7) | −0.3 (−6.5, 6.0) | −3.7 (−10.0, 2.6) | −0.4 (−6.5, 5.6) | −2.8 (−9.0, 3.3) | −0.2 (−5.2, 4.8) |
| 2 years | −4.7 (−10.8, 1.3) | 0.7 (−5.2, 6.6) | −3.5 (−9.2, 2.3) | 1.2 (−4.7, 7.1) | −7.6 (−13.1, −2.0) # | −0.5 (−5.3, 4.2) |
| 3 years | −5.0 (−10.8, 0.8) | −0.3 (−5.9, 5.3) | −4.2 (−9.7, 1.4) | 0.1 (−5.6, 5.7) | −7.0 (−12.6, −1.5) # | −1.2 (−5.9, 3.4) |
| 5 years | −4.1 (−10.1, 2.0) | −1.5 (−7.1, 4.1) | −4.1 (−9.9, 1.7) | −1.6 (−7.2, 4.1) | −2.5 (−7.7, 2.8) | −0.8 (−5.3, 3.7) |
| 8 years | - | - | - | - | −2.4 (−7.4, 2.6) | −1.0 (−5.6, 3.5) |
| BDE−100 | ||||||
| 1 year | −5.3 (−13.2, 2.6) | −2.2 (−9.2, 4.8) | −4.7 (−12.0, 2.6) | −2.0 (−8.9, 5.0) | −2.6 (−9.7, 4.6) | −0.4 (−6.0, 5.3) |
| 2 years | −6.5 (−13.4, 0.5) | −1.6 (−8.1, 4.9) | −5.3 (−11.7, 1.2) | −0.7 (−7.1, 5.7) | −8.0 (−13.9, −2.1) # | −0.7 (−5.8, 4.5) |
| 3 years | −6.9 (−13.4, −0.3) # | −2.5 (−8.7, 3.7) | −5.8 (−12.0, 0.3) | −1.7 (−7.9, 4.5) | −8.8 (−14.4, −3.1) # | −1.8 (−6.7, 3.1) |
| 5 years | −5.7 (−12.5, 1.2) | −2.3 (−8.7, 4.1) | −5.9 (−12.4, 0.7) | −2.4 (−8.9, 4.1) | −5.0 (−10.8, 0.8) | −1.0 (−6.2, 4.1) |
| 8 years | - | - | - | - | −1.6 (−7.2, 3.9) | −0.1 (−5.1, 4.9) |
| BDE−153 | ||||||
| 1 year | −5.9 (−12.2, 0.4) | −4.1 (−9.8, 1.7) | −6.0 (−12.0, −0.1) # | −4.3 (−10.1, 1.5) | −1.8 (−7.5, 3.9) | −1.3 (−6.0, 3.5) |
| 2 years | −8.0 (−14.6, −1.4) # | −3.5 (−9.6, 2.7) | −7.2 (−13.5, −0.9) # | −2.9 (−9.2, 3.3) | −8.5 (−14.4, −2.6) # | −2.3 (−7.4, 2.9) |
| 3 years | −9.9 (−16.3, −3.5) # | −5.0 (−11.0, 1.0) | −9.0 (−16.8, −2.9) # | −4.5 (−10.5, 1.5) | −10.1 (−15.5, −4.6) # | −3.3 (−8.1, 1.6) |
| 5 years | −10.1 (−17.4, −2.8) # | −5.5 (−12.5, 1.4) | −9.9 (−16.8, −2.9) # | −5.2 (−12.2, 1.7) | −7.4 (−13.7, −1.1) # | −2.4 (−7.9, 3.0) |
| 8 years | - | - | - | - | −4.3 (−10.7, 2.1) | −1.1 (−6.6, 4.5) |
| Sum4PBDEs | ||||||
| 1 year | −5.3 (−13.6, 2.9) | −0.1 (−7.6, 7.4) | −4.6 (−12.3, 3.0) | 0.0 (−7.6, 7.5) | −2.9 (−9.9, 4.1) | −0.0 (−5.9, 5.9) |
| 2 years | −8.1 (−15.4, −0.7) # | −0.6 (−7.5, 6.4) | −6.3 (−13.2, 0.7) | 0.4 (−6.6, 7.4) | −11.6 (−17.9, −5.3) | −1.7 (−7.4, 3.9) |
| 3 years | −7.7 (−14.7, −0.6) # | −1.2 (−7.8, 5.5) | −6.5 (−13.2, 0.2) | −0.5 (−7.1, 6.2) | −10.7 (−16.7, −4.6) | −2.4 (−7.8, 2.9) |
| 5 years | −6.1 (−13.4, 1.2) | −1.8 (−8.6, 4.9) | −6.1 (−13.0, 0.8) | −1.7 (−8.5, 5.2) | −4.9 (−11.1, 1.4) | −1.6 (−6.9, 3.8) |
| 8 years | - | - | - | - | −2.3 (−8.6, 4.0) | −1.1 (−6.6, 4.5) |
*
Adjusted for maternal age, education, race, IQ, household income, parity, marital status, maternal serum cotinine, maternal depression, child sex, and HOME score.
#
P <0.05