Table. Baseline Characteristics of the AF, AFL, and Matched Control Cohortsa.
| Characteristic | Matched Control Cohort (n = 24 484) | AFL Cohort (n = 6121) | AF Cohort (n = 188 811) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 67.3 (15.6) | 67.7 (15.8) | 73.8 (13.4)b,c |
| Age group, y | |||
| <65 | 8764 (35.8) | 2191 (35.8) | 41 199 (21.8)b,c |
| 65-74 | 6008 (24.5) | 1502 (24.5) | 43 340 (23.0)b,c |
| ≥75 | 9712 (39.7) | 2428 (39.7) | 104 272 (55.2)b,c |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 14 940 (61.0) | 3735 (61.0) | 104 703 (55.5)b,c |
| Female | 9544 (39.0) | 2386 (39.0) | 84 108 (44.5)b,c |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 8486 (34.7) | 3248 (53.1)b | 108 094 (57.2)b,c |
| Diabetes | 3173 (13.0) | 1201 (19.6)b | 36 086 (19.1)b |
| Ischemic heart disease | 2766 (11.3) | 2115 (34.6)b | 70 381 (37.3)b,c |
| Dyslipidemia | 2018 (8.2) | 775 (12.7)b | 20 408 (10.8)b,c |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1835 (7.5) | 1208 (19.7)b | 43 897 (23.2)b,c |
| Gout | 1512 (6.2) | 594 (9.7)b | 18 739 (9.9)b |
| Abnormal liver function | 1621 (6.6) | 749 (12.2)b | 21 119 (11.2)b,c |
| Malignant tumor | 1209 (4.9) | 543 (8.9)b | 14 903 (7.9)b,c |
| Heart failure | 579 (2.4) | 798 (13.0)b | 27 716 (14.7)b,c |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 347 (1.4) | 163 (2.7)b | 5128 (2.7)b |
| Renal status | |||
| Nonchronic kidney disease | 23 387 (95.5) | 5113 (83.5)b | 159 348 (84.4)b |
| Chronic kidney disease without dialysis | 933 (3.8) | 762 (12.4)b | 23 422 (12.4)b |
| Chronic kidney disease with dialysis | 164 (0.7) | 246 (4.0)b | 6041 (3.2)b,c |
| History of disease | |||
| Stroke or systemic thromboembolism | 1995 (8.1) | 968 (15.8)b | 35 845 (19.0)b,c |
| Stroke | 1881 (7.7) | 868 (14.2)b | 32 823 (17.4)b,c |
| Myocardial infarction | 360 (1.5) | 377 (6.2)b | 9165 (4.9)a,b |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score, mean (SD) | 2.2 (1.7) | 3.0 (1.9)b | 3.5 (1.9)b,c |
| CHA2DS2-VASc group | |||
| 0 | 4047 (16.5) | 538 (8.8) | 10 738 (5.7) |
| 1 | 5458 (22.3) | 1040 (17.0) | 18 348 (9.7) |
| 2 | 5191 (21.2) | 1095 (17.9) | 29 782 (15.8) |
| 3 | 4490 (18.3) | 1132 (18.5) | 39 058 (20.7) |
| 4 | 2847 (11.6) | 1024 (16.7) | 37 423 (19.8) |
| 5-9 | 2451 (1.0) | 1292 (21.1) | 53 462 (28.3) |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; AFL, atrial flutter.
a
Data are presented as number (percentage) of participants unless otherwise indicated.
b
Significant post hoc comparison vs the control group.
c
Significant post hoc comparison vs the AFL group.