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. 2019 Jan 4;2(1):e186875. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.6875

Table. Sensitivity Analyses on Sales Return on Investment, by Number of Postapproval Trials for Extension of Indications or Dosage Forms.

Clinical Trial Phases No. of Postapproval Trials
0 (Base Case) 1 2 3 4 5
Additional R&D, No., US$ millions
All phases 0 39 78 117 156 195
Phases II-III 0 34 69 103 137 172
Income return on investment, median (range), US$ millions
All phases 14.5 (3.3-55.1) 13.8 (3.3-46.7) 13.1 (3.2-40.4) 12.5 (3.2-35.6) 11.9 (3.1-31.8) 11.4 (3.1-28.7)
Phases II-III 14.5 (3.3-55.1) 13.8 (3.3-47.5) 13.3 (3.2-41.7) 12.7 (3.2-37.2) 12.2 (3.1-33.5) 11.7 (3.1-30.5)

Abbreviation: R&D, research and development.