. 2018 Dec 7;1(8):e185708. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5708

Table 4. Association of MED Intake With Cardiovascular Disease Events After Adjustment for Sets of Potential Mediators.

Model Adjustment	HR (95% CI)^a			P Value for Trend
Model Adjustment	MED Score 0-3	MED Score 4-5	MED Score ≥6	P Value for Trend
Age, treatment, and energy–adjusted model	1 [Reference]	0.77 (0.67-0.90)	0.72 (0.61-0.86)	<.001
Basic model^b	1 [Reference]	0.85 (0.73-0.98)	0.85 (0.71-1.01)	.04
Basic model plus each set of risk factors below, added 1 group at a time^c
Hypertension: history of hypertension, systolic and diastolic blood pressure	1 [Reference]	0.88 (0.76-1.02)	0.89 (0.74-1.06)	.14
Body mass index	1 [Reference]	0.87 (0.75-1.01)	0.89 (0.75-1.06)	.14
Traditional lipids: total, LDL, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides	1 [Reference]	0.87 (0.75-1.00)	0.89 (0.74-1.06)	.13
Apolipoproteins: lipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein AI, apolipoprotein B₁₀₀	1 [Reference]	0.86 (0.74-0.99)	0.86 (0.72-1.02)	.06
LDL measures: LDL particle size and concentration, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B₁₀₀	1 [Reference]	0.86 (0.74-1.00)	0.87 (0.73-1.03)	.08
HDL measure: HDL particle size and concentration, HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI	1 [Reference]	0.87 (0.75-1.01)	0.88 (0.74-1.05)	.12
VLDL measures: triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle size and concentrations, triglycerides	1 [Reference]	0.86 (0.75-1.00)	0.88 (0.74-1.05)	.11
Inflammation: hsCRP, fibrinogen, sICAM-1, glycoprotein acetylation	1 [Reference]	0.87 (0.75-1.01)	0.89 (0.75-1.06)	.15
Glucose metabolism and insulin resistance: diabetes, hemoglobin A1c, LPIR, IRDRF, SDRF, DRF5	1 [Reference]	0.88 (0.76-1.02)	0.89 (0.75-1.06)	.15
Branched-chain amino acids	1 [Reference]	0.86 (0.74-1.00)	0.87 (0.73-1.03)	.08
Small-molecule metabolites: citrate, creatinine, homocysteine	1 [Reference]	0.85 (0.74-0.99)	0.86 (0.72-1.02)	.06

Abbreviations: DRF5, 5-year diabetes risk factor index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HR, hazard ratio; hsCRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein; IRDRF, insulin resistance diabetes risk factor; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; LPIR, lipoprotein insulin resistance index; SDRF, short-term diabetes risk factor index; sICAM-1, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1; VLDL, very low-density lipoproteins.

^{^a}

We categorized the participants according to 3 levels of MED (scores of 0-3, 4-5 and ≥6). P values across 3 levels of MED were all less than .05.

^{^b}

Basic model included age, randomized treatment assignment, energy intake, smoking, menopausal status, postmenopausal hormone use, physical activity, and parental history of myocardial infarction before age 60 years. Participants were followed up to 12 years.

^{^c}

Models were adjusted for the variables in the basic model plus each of the sets of risk factors added 1 group at a time to separate models.