Table 1. Baseline Demographic, Medical History, Clinical Presentation, and Health Status Characteristics by Diagnosis and Baseline SAQ AF Score.
| Characteristic | Total (N = 1611) | Stable CAD | Unstable Angina | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline SAQ AF = 100 (n = 114) | Baseline SAQ AF <100 (n = 329) | Baseline SAQ AF = 100 (n = 175) | Baseline SAQ AF <100 (n = 993) | |||
| Sociodemographic characteristics, No. (%) | ||||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 61.3 (9.8) | 58.8 (10.6) | 62.5 (9.6) | 60.1 (8.9) | 61.4 (9.8) | .002 |
| Female | 520 (32.3) | 31 (27.2) | 108 (32.8) | 51 (29.1) | 330 (33.2) | .46 |
| Marriage status | ||||||
| Married | 1489 (92.4) | 106 (93) | 299 (90.9) | 170 (97.1) | 914 (92.0) | .41 |
| Divorced or separated | 23 (1.4) | 3 (2.6) | 5 (1.5) | 1 (0.6) | 14 (1.4) | |
| Widowed | 93 (5.8) | 5 (4.4) | 23 (7.0) | 4 (2.3) | 61 (6.1) | |
| High school education | 239 (14.8) | 23 (20.2) | 40 (12.2) | 32 (18.3) | 144 (14.5) | .27 |
| Health insurance | ||||||
| Public health service | 56 (3.5) | 7 (6.1) | 14 (4.3) | 4 (2.3) | 31 (3.1) | .14 |
| Medical insurance for urban worker or resident | 1014 (62.9) | 67 (58.8) | 202 (61.4) | 121 (69.1) | 624 (62.8) | |
| Rural cooperative medical service | 461 (28.6) | 35 (30.7) | 101 (30.7) | 39 (22.3) | 286 (28.8) | |
| Other | 62 (3.8) | 2 (1.8) | 9 (2.7) | 9 (5.1) | 42 (4.2) | |
| No insurance | 16 (1.0) | 2 (1.8) | 2 (0.6) | 2 (1.1) | 10 (1.0) | |
| Cardiovascular risk factors, No. (%) | ||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 469 (29.1) | 45 (39.5) | 98 (29.8) | 65 (37.1) | 261 (26.3) | .002 |
| Hypertension | 1103 (68.5) | 67 (58.8) | 229 (69.6) | 123 (70.3) | 684 (68.9) | .14 |
| Dyslipidemia | 819 (50.8) | 64 (56.1) | 166 (50.5) | 89 (50.9) | 500 (50.4) | .71 |
| Current smoker | 606 (37.6) | 42 (36.8) | 116 (35.3) | 84 (48.0) | 364 (36.7) | .03 |
| Body mass index, median (IQR)a | 25 (23.0-27.1) | 25 (23.4-26.9) | 25 (22.9-27.1) | 26 (23.4-27.9) | 25 (22.9-27.1) | .02 |
| Body mass indexa | ||||||
| ≤28 | 1116 (69.3) | 79 (69.3) | 230 (69.9) | 109 (62.3) | 698 (70.3) | .16 |
| >28 | 241 (15.0) | 13 (11.4) | 55 (16.7) | 35 (20.0) | 138 (13.9) | |
| Waist circumference, median (IQR), cm | 90 (83.0-95.5) | 90 (85.0-97.0) | 90 (83.0-95.0) | 90 (83.0-97.0) | 90 (82.5-95.5) | .14 |
| Coexisting conditions, No. (%) | ||||||
| Acute heart failure | 15 (0.9) | 0 | 6 (1.8) | 0 | 9 (0.9) | .14 |
| Acute stroke | 35 (2.2) | 3 (2.6) | 8 (2.4) | 4 (2.3) | 20 (2.0) | .95 |
| Fluid retention (lower extremity edema) | 84 (5.2) | 5 (4.4) | 24 (7.3) | 4 (2.3) | 51 (5.1) | .11 |
| Pneumonia | 53 (3.3) | 3 (2.6) | 13 (4.0) | 3 (1.7) | 34 (3.4) | .57 |
| Medical history, No. (%) | ||||||
| Prior myocardial infarction | 260 (16.1) | 32 (28.1) | 68 (20.7) | 29 (16.6) | 131 (13.2) | <.001 |
| Prior coronary artery bypass graft | 12 (0.7) | 0 | 3 (0.9) | 1 (0.6) | 8 (0.8) | .78 |
| Prior PCI | 264 (16.4) | 27 (23.7) | 62 (18.8) | 30 (17.1) | 145 (14.6) | .04 |
| Prior heart failure | 560 (34.8) | 35 (30.7) | 113 (34.3) | 47 (26.9) | 365 (36.8) | .06 |
| Prior angina pectoris | 218 (13.5) | 10 (8.8) | 41 (12.5) | 18 (10.3) | 149 (15) | .11 |
| Prior stroke | 227 (14.1) | 12 (10.5) | 42 (12.8) | 29 (16.6) | 144 (14.5) | .44 |
| Vital and laboratory results | ||||||
| Systolic blood pressure, median (IQR), mm Hg | 130 (120.0-146.0) | 130 (120.0-140.0) | 130 (120.0-145.0) | 140 (125.0-150.0) | 130 (120.0-145.0) | .15 |
| Heart rate on admission, median (IQR), beats/min | 70 (64.0-78.0) | 71 (65.0-79.0) | 74 (66.0-80.0) | 70 (64.0-78.0) | 70 (63.0-78.0) | .02 |
| Electrocardiogram findings, No. (%) | ||||||
| Rhythm on electrocardiogram | ||||||
| Atrial fibrillation or flutter | 37 (2.3) | 4 (3.5) | 9 (2.7) | 2 (1.1) | 22 (2.2) | .55 |
| Ventricular tachycardia | 3 (0.2) | 0 | 1 (0.3) | 0 | 2 (0.2) | .85 |
| Left bundle branch block | 10 (0.6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 (1.0) | .10 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, median (IQR), % | 62 (57-67) | 60 (57-66) | 62 (58-67) | 61 (55-65) | 62 (58-66) | .21 |
| Glomerular filtration rate, median (IQR), mL/min/1.73 m2 | 79 (69.3-91.2) | 80 (66.8-94.5) | 80 (69.9-89.5) | 81 (67.8-94.4) | 79 (69.3-90.9) | .50 |
| Disease severity | ||||||
| Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events risk score, median (IQR) | 103 (85.0-121.0) | 99 (83.0-122.0) | 106 (88.0-124.0) | 96 (82.0-116.0) | 103 (85.0-120.0) | .05 |
| Symptoms, median (IQR), No. | 2 (1-4) | 1 (1-4) | 2 (1-4) | 2 (1-3) | 2 (1-3) | <.001 |
| Health status on admission, No. (%) | ||||||
| SAQ Physical Limitation score, median (IQR) | 83 (66.7-100.0) | 100 (86.1-100.0) | 83 (63.9-100.0) | 92 (72.2-100.0) | 83 (65.3-95.8) | <.001 |
| SAQ Physical Limitation, No. (%) | ||||||
| Minimal (>75) | 950 (59.0) | 91 (79.8) | 188 (57.1) | 122 (69.7) | 549 (55.3) | <.001 |
| Mild (>50 and ≤75) | 412 (25.6) | 14 (12.3) | 77 (23.4) | 42 (24.0) | 279 (28.1) | |
| Moderate (>25 and ≤50) | 151 (9.4) | 4 (3.5) | 42 (12.8) | 4 (2.3) | 101 (10.2) | |
| Severe (≤25) | 98 (6.1) | 5 (4.4) | 22 (6.7) | 7 (4.0) | 64 (6.4) | |
| SAQ Angina Stability score, median (IQR) | 25 (0-50.0) | 50 (50.0-50.0) | 25 (0-50.0) | 50 (50.0-50.0) | 25 (0-50.0) | <.001 |
| SAQ Angina Stability, No. (%) | ||||||
| Much better (>75) | 149 (9.2) | 4 (3.5) | 40 (12.2) | 17 (9.7) | 88 (8.9) | <.001 |
| Slightly better (>50 and ≤75) | 46 (2.9) | 1 (0.9) | 18 (5.5) | 3 (1.7) | 24 (2.4) | |
| Unchanged (50) | 505 (31.3) | 98 (86.0) | 76 (23.1) | 139 (79.4) | 192 (19.3) | |
| Slightly worse (≥25 and <50) | 408 (25.3) | 3 (2.6) | 85 (25.8) | 12 (6.9) | 308 (31.0) | |
| Much worse (<25) | 503 (31.2) | 8 (7.0) | 110 (33.4) | 4 (2.3) | 381 (38.4) | |
| SAQ Angina Frequency score, median (IQR) | 60 (40-80) | 100 (100-100) | 50 (20-70) | 100 (100-100) | 60 (20-70) | <.001 |
| SAQ Angina Frequency, No. (%) | ||||||
| None (100) | 289 (17.9) | 114 (100) | 0 | 175 (100) | 0 | <.001 |
| Monthly (>60 and <100) | 418 (25.9) | 0 | 96 (29.2) | 0 | 322 (32.4) | |
| Weekly (>30 and ≤60) | 514 (31.9) | 0 | 127 (38.6) | 0 | 387 (39.0) | |
| Daily (≤30) | 390 (24.2) | 0 | 106 (32.2) | 0 | 284 (28.6) | |
| SAQ Quality-of-Life score, median (IQR) | 58 (41.7-75.0) | 67 (58.3-91.7) | 58 (41.7-75.0) | 75 (50.0-83.3) | 50 (33.3-66.7) | <.001 |
| SAQ Quality of Life, No. (%) | ||||||
| Excellent (>75) | 447 (27.7) | 54 (47.4) | 96 (29.2) | 89 (50.9) | 208 (20.9) | <.001 |
| Good (>50 and ≤75) | 649 (40.3) | 46 (40.4) | 133 (40.4) | 49 (28.0) | 421 (42.4) | |
| Fair (>25 and ≤50) | 390 (24.2) | 12 (10.5) | 81 (24.6) | 32 (18.3) | 265 (26.7) | |
| Poor to very poor (≤25) | 125 (7.8) | 2 (1.8) | 19 (5.8) | 5 (2.9) | 99 (10.0) | |
Abbreviations: AF, angina frequency; CAD, coronary artery disease; IQR, interquartile range; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SAQ, Seattle Angina Questionnaire.
a
Calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.