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. 2018 Jun 29;1(2):e180431. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0431

Table 1. Trends in Employment Type by Profession, 2001 to 2015.

Type of Professional Employment Type, % (95% CI)
2001-2005 2006-2010 2011-2015
Dentists (n = 20 008)
Employed 22.6 (20.9-24.3) 25.0 (23.8-26.1) 30.4 (29.2-31.7)
Self-employed 73.0 (71.2-74.8) 70.7 (69.6-71.9) 65.1 (63.7-66.4)
Government 4.4 (3.6-5.1) 4.3 (3.8-4.8) 4.5 (3.9-5.1)
Physicians (n = 99 077)
Employed 52.4 (51.5-53.3) 58.4 (57.9-59.0) 64.2 (63.6-64.8)
Self-employed 35.2 (34.4-36.1) 29.9 (29.4-30.4) 24.7 (24.2-25.2)
Government 12.4 (11.7-13.0) 11.7 (11.3-12.1) 11.1 (10.7-11.5)
Pharmacists (n = 26 143)
Employed 83.4 (82.1-84.7) 86.3 (85.6-87.1) 87.2 (86.4-87.9)
Self-employed 8.2 (7.3-9.2) 6.5 (6.0-7.0) 5.3 (4.8-5.8)
Government 8.4 (7.4-9.4) 7.2 (6.6-7.8) 7.5 (6.9-8.1)
Optometrists (n = 4238)
Employed 31.8 (27.7-35.8) 35.0 (32.4-37.6) 42.7 (39.8-45.6)
Self-employed 65.1 (60.9-69.2) 62.1 (59.5-64.7) 53.1 (50.2-56.0)
Government 3.2 (1.7-4.6) 2.9 (2.1-3.8) 4.2 (2.9-5.4)
Podiatrists (n = 1164)
Employed 25.5 (19.4-31.5) 27.2 (22.3-32.2) 38.6 (32.5-44.8)
Self-employed 72.1 (66.0-78.3) 69.1 (64.1-74.2) 57.7 (51.5-63.9)
Government 2.4 (0.6-4.2) 3.6 (1.7-5.5) 3.6 (1.3-6.0)
Chiropractors (n = 6076)
Employed 19.1 (16.3-21.9) 20.3 (18.3-22.2) 24.4 (22.1-26.7)
Self-employed 80.9 (78.1-83.7) 79.5 (77.6-81.5) 75.0 (72.7-77.3)
Government NAa 0.2 (0.0-0.3) 0.6 (0.2-0.9)
Physical therapists (n = 19 008)
Employed 79.5 (77.7-81.2) 78.9 (77.9-80.0) 82.2 (81.2-83.2)
Self-employed 11.8 (10.5-13.2) 12.9 (12.0-13.7) 10.9 (10.1-11.8)
Government 8.7 (7.4-9.9) 8.2 (7.5-8.9) 6.8 (6.2-7.5)

Abbreviation: NA, not available.

a

No survey results were available for this category.