Table 1.
Characteristics of melanoma cases by Breslow thickness in the cohortsa
| NHS |
NHS II |
HPFS |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breslow ≤1 mm (n=579) |
Breslow >1mm (n=203) |
Breslow ≤1 mm (n=416) |
Breslow >1mm (n=69) |
Breslow ≤1 mm (n=397) |
Breslow >1mm (n=149) |
|
| Age at diagnosis, years, mean (SD) | 47.6 (7.0) | 49.8 (6.7) | 34.8 (4.5) | 36.7 (4.3) | 55.4 (9.1) | 56.6 (8.5) |
| Current smoking, % | 19.4 | 22.4 | 9.7 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.7 |
| Alcohol intake, g/d, mean (SD) | 7.0 (11.5) | 7.6 (12.7) | 3.3 (4.9) | 4.3 (7.0) | 12.5 (14.8) | 11.2 (16.1) |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 24.7 (4.3) | 24.9 (4.9) | 23.8 (4.7) | 24.8 (4.3) | 25.5 (3.1) | 25.7 (3.6) |
|
Physical activity, metabolic
equivalents hours/week, mean (SD) |
15.4 (18.8) | 16.6 (18.8) | 24.9 (34.0) | 23.6 (29.2) | 30.6 (29.8) | 32.9 (33.6) |
| Physical examination, % | 85.1 | 85.8 | 92.2 | 89.7 | 79.0 | 67.0 |
| Family history of melanoma, % | 5.3 | 8.8 | 7.3 | 10.1 | 4.3 | 6.1 |
| Red or blonde hair, % | 21.2 | 28.5 | 30.0 | 34.9 | 20.2 | 15.1 |
| ≥6 moles on the extremityb (%) | 11.8 | 9.3 | 41.7 | 35.1 | 8.4 | 12.8 |
|
Painful burn or blistering skin
reaction to the sun (%) |
21.9 | 16.0 | 31.7 | 36.6 | 39.5 | 33.7 |
|
Childhood tendency to average to
deep tanning response (%) |
55.4 | 56.7 | ||||
|
History of ≥6 severe or blistering
sunburnsc (%) |
64.0 | 56.6 | 15.8 | 19.7 | 46.2 | 50.0 |
|
Lifetime average summer time sun
exposure ≥6 hrs/wk (%) |
42.7 | 43.4 | 50.7 | 39.5 | 71.9 | 63.9 |
|
Annual erythemal UV, mW/m2,
mean (SD) |
184.6(22.6) | 190.4(26.7) | 176.4(41.6) | 175.5(42.0) | 191.6(28.0) | 196.9(29.6) |
|
Citrus consumption, serving/d,
mean (SD) |
0.9 (0.7) | 0.9 (0.8) | 0.6 (0.7) | 0.6 (0.5) | 1.0 (0.9) | 0.9 (0.9) |
|
Personal history of keratinocyte
carcinoma (%) |
1.8 | 3.5 | 0 | 0 | 4.7 | 5.5 |
| Melanoma Body site (%) | ||||||
| Head and neck | 13.3 | 10.7 | 8.3 | 10.2 | 29.1 | 32.9 |
| Trunk | 31.0 | 24.2 | 36.1 | 38.1 | 46.1 | 42.2 |
| Extremities | 55.6 | 65.1 | 55.6 | 51.7 | 24.8 | 24.9 |
a
All values were shown for the information at the time of melanoma diagnosis or at the questionnaire cycle closest to melanoma diagnosis except otherwise noted. All values other than age were age-adjusted.
b
The total number of cutaneous nevi with 3 mm diameter or larger was asked for the left arm in NHS, for both forearms in HPFS, and for both lower legs in NHS II.
c
NHS and HPFS asked the lifetime number of sunburns while NHS II asked the number of teenage severe sunburns.