Table 4.

Quality assessment of the included reviews using the AMSTAR checklist [15]

Study	Was an “a priori” design provided?	Was there duplicate study selection and data extraction?	Was a comprehensive literature search performed?	Was the status of publication (i.e., gray literature) used as an inclusion criterion?	Was a list of studies (included and excluded) provided?	Were the characteristics of the included studies provided?	Was the scientific quality of the included studies assessed and documented?	Was the scientific quality of the included studies used appropriately in formulating conclusions?	Were the methods used to combine the findings of studies appropriate?	Was the likelihood of publication bias assessed?	Was the conflict of interest included?	Sum quality scorea (/11)	Quality of the reviewb
Barnett et al. [34]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	9	Strong
Oglund et al. [31]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	8	Strong
Olsen et al. [22]	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	N.A.	No	C.A.	4	Moderate
Babakus et al. [24]	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	6	Moderate
Barnett et al. [33]	Yes	No	C.A.	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	N.A.	No	Yes	4	Moderate
De Craemer et al. [18]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	N.A.	N.A.	No	Yes	4	Moderate
Ridgers et al. [17]	Yes	C.A	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.	Yes	4	Moderate
Stanley et al. [19]	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	N.A.	No	Yes	4	Moderate
Uijtdewillingen et al. [28]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	N.A.	N.A.	Yes	7	Moderate
Craggs et al. [29]	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	N.A.	No	Yes	6	Moderate
Dumith et al. [30]	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	N.A.	Yes	No	No	4	Moderate
Koeneman et al. [32]	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	C.A.	Yes	Yes	8	Strong
Siddiqi et al. [27]	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	N.A.	No	Yes	6	Moderate
Andersen et al. [16]	Yes	N.A.	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	8	Strong
Hinkley et al. [21]	Yes	Yes	Yes	N.A.	No	No	No	No	N.A.	No	Yes	4	Moderate
Tzormpatzakis et al. [23]	No	C.A	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	C.A.	N.A.	No	No	2	Weak
Van der Horst et al. [20]	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	N.A.	N.A.	No	No	3	Weak
Coble et al. [25]	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	4	Moderate
Rhodes et al. [26]	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	N.A.	No	No	Yes	4	Moderate

C.A. cannot answer, N.A. not applicable

^a0 when the criteria were not applicable for the included review; 1 when the criteria were applicable for the included review

^bWeak (score ranging from 0 to 3); moderate (score ranging from 4 to 7); strong (score ranging from 8 to 11) [15]