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. 2019 Jan 8;10(1):19. doi: 10.1038/s41419-018-1261-y

Fig. 1. Protection of HDFs against UVB irradiation with sanshool treatment by improving cell viability and inhibiting MMP production.

Fig. 1

a Structure of sanshool; b HDFs irradiated with UVB at varying doses for 12, 24, and 48 h and effect of UVB irradiation on cell viability; c Effect of sanshool treatment on the cell viability of UVB-irradiated HDFs for 24 h. Cell viability measured by CCK-8 assay. Irradiated or non-irradiated HDFs at 50 mJ/cm, sanshool-treated at 40 μM for 12, 24, and 48 h; d, e Effect of sanshool treatment on the MMP-1 and MMP-3 secretion of UVB-irradiated HDFs, determined by ELISA; f Effects of sanshool treatment on the expression levels of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in 24 h; g Relative protein levels of MMP-1 and MMP-3; h, i Effects of sanshool treatment on ROS production; Data from representative experiments repeated 3 times with similar results. Results presented as means ± SD of three independent experiments (n = 3). **p < 0.005 compared with the UVB-treated group. UVB irradiation induced over 2700 differential expressed genes (DEGs), sanshool treatment of control HDFs induced about 960 DEGs, and 1170 DEGs were observed between the UVB group and the sanshool + UVB group. j Cluster of DEGs with UVB irradiation, sanshool treatment, or sanshool + UVB; k GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs between the UVB-irradiated group and the sanshool + UVB group; l Normalized autophagy-related DEGs in each group; m Enriched pathways and interactions of DEGs between the UVB-irradiated group and the sanshool + UVB group