. 2018 Jul 26;32(1):126–136. doi: 10.5713/ajas.18.0065

Table 1.

Chemical composition, physico-chemical parameter, collagen and reducing sugar contents, and sensory traits in the longissimus thoracis from Korean cattle (KC), Holstein (HO), and Angus (AN) steers (n = 12)

Item	KC	HO	AN	SEM	p-value
Chemical composition
Moisture (%)	57.6^c	67.4^b	73.7^a	0.99	0.001
Crude protein (%)	18.2^b	22.1^a	21.5^a	0.28	0.001
Crude fat (%)	21.1^a	7.08^b	3.14^c	1.14	0.001
Physico-chemical parameter
CIE L^*	45.8	45.3	45.4	0.27	0.82
CIE a^*	17.0^a	16.1^b	17.5^a	0.18	0.01
CIE b^*	3.72	3.00	3.35	0.16	0.27
pH	5.43^b	5.19^c	5.71^a	0.04	0.001
Shear force (N)	24.3^c	32.0^b	39.6^a	1.73	0.001
Collagen content
Total (mg/g)	4.64	5.18	5.03	0.15	0.19
Soluble (mg/g)	1.92^b	1.91^b	2.46^a	0.11	0.03
Insoluble (mg/g)	2.72^b	3.27^a	2.57^b	0.11	0.01
Reducing sugar (%)	0.42^a	0.18^b	0.19^b	0.02	0.001
Sensory traits¹⁾
Appearance	5.90^a	5.70^a	5.33^b	0.07	0.004
Odor	6.23^a	4.70^b	5.23^b	0.14	0.001
Taste	6.80^a	3.90^b	4.47^b	0.25	0.001
Flavor	6.77^a	4.03^b	4.60^b	0.23	0.001
Tenderness	6.73^a	5.23^b	3.90^c	0.22	0.001
Juiciness	6.03^a	4.70^b	3.97^c	0.18	0.001
Overall acceptance	6.83^a	4.23^b	4.73^b	0.23	0.001

SEM, standard error of the mean; CIE, International Commission on Illumination.

¹⁾

The score was evaluated with 10 semi-trained panelists (1, extremely dislike; 5, neither dislike nor like; 9, extremely like).

^a–c

Means with different letters within the same row differ (p<0.05).