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. 2018 Dec 28;34(1):11–43. doi: 10.3904/kjim.2018.428

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Progression of heart failure treatment: medications, devices, and transplantation. HT, heart transplantation; TAH, total artificial heart; V-HeFT, Vasodilator-Heart Failure Trial I; CONSENSUS, Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study; SOLVD, Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction; USCP, U.S. Carvedilol Program; RALES, Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study; ATLAS, Assessment of Treatment with Lisinopril and Survival; MADIT, Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial; MUSTT, Multicenter Unstained Tachycardia Trial; VAD, ventricular assisted device; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; CHARM, Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of moRtality and Morbidity; SHIFT, Systolic Heart failure treatment with the If inhibitor ivabradine Trial; PARADIGM-HF, Prospective Comparison of ARNI with ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in HF; EMPA-REG, Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; CANVAS, Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study; LEADER, Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes : Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results; CANTOS, Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study; ATTR-ACT, Transthyretin Amyloidosis Cardiomyopathy Clinical Trial; DECLARE, Dapaglif lozin Effect on CardiovascuLAR Events; DEFINITE, Defibrillators in Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Treatment Evaluation; DINAMIT, Defibrillator in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial; COMPANION, Comparison of Medical Therapy, Pacing, and Defibrillation in Heart Failure; SCD-HeFT, Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial; CARE-HF, Cardiac Resynchronization in Heart Failure; REVERSE, REsynchronization reVErses Remodeling in Systolic left vEntricular dysfunction; MADIT-CRT, Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy; RAFT, Resynchronization–Defibrillation for Ambulatory Heart Failure Trial; STICH, Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure; DANISH, Danish Study to Assess the Efficacy of ICDs in Patients with Non-ischemic Systolic Heart Failure on Mortality; VEST, Vest Prevention of Early Sudden Death Trial; REMATCH, Randomized Evaluation of Mechanical Assistance for the Treatment of Congestive Heart Failure; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; HVAD BTT, HeartWare ventricular assist device bridge to transplant; HMII-DT, HeartMate II destination therapy; SCHEDULE, Scandinavian Heart Transplant Everolimus De novo study with Early Calcineurin Inhibitors Avoidance; PROCEED II, ex vivo perfusion of donor hearts for human heart transplantation; ENDURANCE, The HeartWare™ Ventricular Assist System as Destination Therapy of Advanced Heart Failure; MOMENTUM 3, Multicenter Study of MagLev Technology in Patients Undergoing Mechanical Circulatory Support Therapy with HeartMate 3; ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; CRT, cardiac resynchronization therapy.