Table 4.

Breakout of studies based on number of medication trials prior to rTMS use

Number of medication trials	Studies	Comparator	Outcomes/effect; study duration
≥2 medication trials	Fregni F, et al. (2006) [24]		Higher response rate to rTMS therapy in patients who had a lower number of refractory treatment trials.
≤1 medication trial	Huang M-L, et al. (2012) [26];	rTMS plus med vs. sham plus med	Significantly higher number of improvers at 4 weeks with rTMS plus med.
	Wang H-N, et al. (2017) [27];	rTMS plus med vs. med	Significantly higher number in response and remission at 12 months with rTMS plus med.
	Wang Y-M, et al. (2017) [28];	rTMS plus med vs. sham plus med	Response and remission significantly higher in the rTMS + med
	Yang H, et al. (2017) [29]	rTMS plus med vs. sham plus med	Response and remission significantly higher in the rTMS + med
≥2 medication trials vs. ≤1 medication trial	Brakemeier E-L, et al. (2007) [30];	Use of rTMS with Low (1 trial) vs. high (≥2 trials) medication treatment resistance	Likelihood of response was higher in low treatment resistant patients
	O’Reardon JP, et al. (2009) [25];	Use of rTMS with Low (1 trial) vs. high (≥2 trials) medication treatment resistance	Likelihood of response was 4X higher and statistically significantly different in low treatment resistant patients
	Brakemeier E-L, et al. (2008) [31];	Use of rTMS with Low (1 trial) vs. high (≥2 trials) medication treatment resistance	Use of rTMS in low treatment resistant patients had a statistically significant effect on improved outcomes
	Cohen RB, et al. (2010) [32];	Use of rTMS with Low (1 trial) vs. high (≥2 trials) medication treatment resistance	Use of rTMS in low treatment resistant patients had a statistically significant effect on improved outcomes
	Carpenter LL, et al. (2012); [33]	Use of rTMS with Low (≤1 trial) vs. high (≥2 trials) medication treatment resistance	Use of rTMS in low treatment resistant patients had a modest effect on improving outcomes.