Table 2.
Differences in BMI, dietary intake, diet quality and physical activity between intervention and control groupa
| N | Intervention | N | Control | β (95% CI) unadjusted | P-value | β (95% CI) adjustedc | P-value | |
| BMI (mean; SD)b | 84 | 34.4 (5.1) | 95 | 34.5 (5.0) | −0.1 (−1.6; 1.4) | 0.86 | −0.5 (−2.0; 1.1) | 0.56 |
| Energy (kcal; mean; SD) | 80 | 1749 (561) | 95 | 1973 (690) | − 224 (− 414; −34) | 0.02 | − 216 (−417; − 16) | 0.04 |
| Energy without underreporters (kcal; mean; SD) | 57 | 1992 (453) | 73 | 2222 (556) | − 231 (− 410; −51) | 0.01 | − 200 (− 389; − 11) | 0.04 |
| Protein (en%; mean; SD) | 80 | 16.2 (3.1) | 95 | 15.9 (2.9) | 0.3 (−0.6; 1.1) | 0.56 | 0.3 (−0.6; 1.2) | 0.55 |
| Carbohydrates (en%; mean; SD) | 80 | 44.3 (7.0) | 95 | 44.3 (7.0) | −0.01 (−2.1; 2.1) | > 0.99 | 0.4 (−1.8; 2.5) | 0.74 |
| Fat (en%; mean; SD) | 80 | 35.6 (6.3) | 95 | 36.4 (6.4) | −0.8 (−2.7; 1.1) | 0.40 | −1.1 (−3.0; 0.9) | 0.27 |
| Saturated fat (en%; mean; SD) | 80 | 12.7 (2.6) | 95 | 12.8 (3.2) | −0.2 (−1.0; 0.7) | 0.72 | −0.2 (−1.1; 0.8) | 0.73 |
| Fibre (gram/MJ; mean; SD) | 80 | 2.6 (0.7) | 95 | 2.6 (0.6) | 0.04 (−0.2; 0.2) | 0.72 | 0.01 (−0.2; 0.2) | 0.94 |
| DHD15-index score | 80 | 70.7 (14.6) | 95 | 71.6 (14.1) | −0.9 (−5.2; 3.4) | 0.67 | −1.4 (−5.8; 3.0) | 0.54 |
| Total PA (% wear time; mean; SD) | 76 | 27.6 (6.6) | 79 | 27.4 (6.7) | 0.2 (−1.9; 2.3) | 0.86 | −0.4 (−2.5; 1.7) | 0.71 |
| MVPA (min/day; mean; SD) | 76 | 32.0 (15.4) | 79 | 33.2 (18.4) | −1.2 (−6.6; 4.2) | 0.67 | −1.0 (−6.6; 4.5) | 0.72 |
| N | Intervention | N | Control | OR (95% CI) unadjusted | P-value | OR (95% CI) adjustedc | P-value | |
| Meeting the Dutch PA guidelines (yes; %; N) | 76 | 65.8 (50) | 79 | 63.3 (50) | 1.1 (0.6; 2.2) | 0.75 | 1.2 (0.6; 2.3) | 0.66 |
aDifferences in BMI, dietary intake, diet quality and physical activity 5.5 years after randomization between the intervention and the control group were analysed by linear regression models, with the exception of meeting the Dutch physical activity guidelines which is analysed by logistic regression. SD = standard deviation; kcal = kilocalories; en% = percentage of total energy intake; DHD 15-index score = Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015; PA = physical activity; MVPA = moderate to vigorous physical activity; min/day = minutes per day
bBMI is self-reported
cAdjusted for: Caucasian origin (yes/no), education level (categorical: no education or primary school; secondary education; intermediate vocational education; higher vocational education and university), smoking (yes/no) and duration of infertility (months)