Table 1.
Classification of hypermobility
| Site | Criterion | Beighton | Bulbena |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thumb | Apposition to forearm | x | x |
| 5th Metacarpophalangeal joint | Passive hyperextension > 90 degrees | x | x |
| Elbow | Hyperextension > 10 degrees | x | x |
| Knee hyperextension | Hyperextension > 10 degrees | x | |
| Trunk | Flexion to place hands flat on floor with legs straight | x | |
| Ankle | Dorsiflexion > 20 degrees | x | |
| Shoulder | External rotation > 85 degrees | x | |
| Hip | Passive abduction > 85 degrees | x | |
| Patella | Passive shift to lateral side of tibia | x | |
| 1st Metatarsophalangeal joint | Passive hyperextension > 90 degrees | x | |
| Knee flexion | Heel to contact buttocks | x | |
| Ecchymoses | Presence after minimal trauma | x | |
| Total point available | 9 | 10 | |
| Score to determine hypermobility | 4 out of 9 | Males 5/10 | |
| Females 6/10 |