Table 1.
Quantitative synthesis of results of space–time clustering analyses of childhood cancers for time of diagnosis and birth: number of studies individually reporting significant evidence of space–time clustering and mean proportion of significant tests across studies (MPST)
| Diagnostic group | Diagnosis | Birth | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| na/Nob | MPSTc (%) | na/Nob | MPSTc (%) | |
| Leukaemia | 10/23 | 26 | 1/9 | 11 |
| Leuk 0–15 | 10/23 | 26 | 1/5 | 20 |
| Leuk 0–5 | 5/12 | 26 | 0/8 | 0 |
| Leuk 5–15 | 0/5 | 0 | 0/3 | 0 |
| ALL | 4/11 | 23 | 1/7 | 1 |
| ALL 0–15 | 4/10 | 25 | 0/5 | 0 |
| ALL 0–5 | 1/7 | 14 | 1/6 | 1 |
| ALL 5–15 | 0/4 | 0 | 1/3 | 7 |
| AML | 1/6 | 1 | 0/2 | 0 |
| Lymphoma* | 2/7 | 8 | 0/3 | 0 |
| HL | 1/4 | 13 | 1/2 | 50 |
| NHL | 2/4 | 14 | 0/2 | 0 |
| Burkitt lymphoma | 3/8 | 13 | 0/0 | |
| CNS | 1/7 | 7 | 1/3 | 33 |
| Astrocytoma | 1/4 | 19 | 0/2 | 0 |
| Ependymoma | 0/2 | 0 | 0/1 | 0 |
| PNET | 1/2 | 29 | 0/2 | 0 |
| Other cancers | ||||
| Neuroblastoma | 1/3 | 17 | 0/2 | 0 |
| Retinoblastoma | 0/2 | 0 | 0/1 | 0 |
| STS | 1/2 | 50 | 0/2 | 0 |
| Renal | 0/2 | 0 | 1/2 | 38 |
| Bone tumors | 1/3 | 4 | 0/2 | 0 |
| Osteosarcomas | 2/3 | 37 | 1/2 | 50 |
Diagnostic group: ALL acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, AML acute myeloid leukemia, HL Hodgkin’s lymphoma, NHL non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, PNET primitive neuroectodermal tumors, STS soft tissue sarcoma
*Excluding studies focusing exclusively on Burkitt lymphoma
aNumber of studies individually reporting significant evidence of clustering (proportion of significant clustering tests > 0.05)
bNumber of studies included (excluding studies with overlapping samples and studies employing scan statistics as clustering test)
cMean proportion of significant clustering tests across included studies