. 2019 Jan 3;9(1):e024067. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024067

Table 5.

Subgroup analysis for upper arm fracture based on country, DM types, sex and study design

Factors	Subsets	RR and 95% CI	P value	I² (%)	P value for heterogeneity	Ratio of RR between subgroups	P value for ratios of RR
Country	Western	1.47 (1.02 to 2.10)	0.037	84.9	<0.001	–	–
Country	Eastern	–	–	–	–	–	–
DM types	I	1.83 (1.41 to 2.39)	<0.001	0.0	0.487	1.19 (0.82–1.72)	0.359
DM types	II	1.54 (1.19 to 1.99)	0.001	79.6	<0.001	1.19 (0.82–1.72)	0.359
Sex	Men	1.21 (0.80 to 1.83)	0.368	73.2	0.011	0.82 (0.50–1.36)	0.450
Sex	Women	1.47 (1.10 to 1.96)	0.009	79.1	<0.001	0.82 (0.50–1.36)	0.450
Study design	Prospective	1.38 (1.07 to 1.76)	0.011	76.0	<0.001	0.80 (0.47–1.36)	0.412
Study design	Retrospective	1.72 (1.08 to 2.73)	0.022	68.5	0.075	0.80 (0.47–1.36)	0.412

DM, diabetes mellitus; RR, relative risk.