Table 1. Characteristics of 537 household contacts of influenza cases from 144 households, Managua, Nicaragua, 2012–2014, by nasal/oropharyngeal community state type (CST)* at enrollment.
| Characteristic | All (n = 537†) | CST 1 (n = 132) |
CST 2 (n = 125) |
CST 3 (n = 122) |
CST 4 (n = 85) |
CST 5 (n = 59) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 0–5 | 61 (11) | 9 (7) | 15 (12) | 4 (3) | 3 (4) | 26 (44) |
| 6–17 | 163 (30) | 51 (39) | 41 (33) | 38 (31) | 19 (22) | 9 (15) |
| ≥18 | 313 (58) | 72 (55) | 69 (55) | 80 (66) | 63 (74) | 24 (41) |
| Female | 347 (65) | 86 (65) | 88 (70) | 87 (71) | 45 (53) | 35 (59) |
| Influenza infection |
71 (13) | 21 (16) | 20 (16) | 15 (12) | 5 (6) | 6 (10) |
| Influenza vaccination‡ | 27 (5) | 8 (6) | 6 (5) | 8 (7) | 2 (3) | 3 (5) |
| Smoker in household | 245 (51) | 54 (46) | 58 (52) | 56 (51) | 44 (59) | 28 (50) |
| >3 persons per bedroom in the household | 156 (29) | 40 (30) | 35 (28) | 36 (30) | 22 (26) | 19 (32) |
| Antibiotic use <2 weeks prior |
1 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) |
| Antibiotic use during follow up | 4 (1) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) |
| Oseltamivir use during follow up | 33 (6) | 4 (3) | 14 (11) | 6 (5) | 3 (4) | 5 (8) |
*Defined using Dirichlet multinomial mixture method (see Methods).
†Includes 10 household contacts with undefined CST at time of enrollment
‡Prior to enrollment and in same year as index case