Table 3. Multivariate logistic regression model showing the relationship (Adjusted odds ratio) between background characteristics and women’s decision-making on sexual intercourse, condom use and reproductive health decision-making index in 27 sub–Saharan African countries, 2010–2016.
| Explanatory factors | Proportions N = 210,536 |
Decision-making on sexual intercourse | Decision-making on condom use | Reproduction health decision-making index |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model II Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 95% CI |
Model II Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 95% CI |
Model II Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 95% CI |
||
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 73,097 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Rural | 137,439 | 0.89***(0.86–0.91) | 0.83***(0.81–0.85) | 0.81***(0.81–0.86) |
| Age | ||||
| 15–19 | 16,259 | 0.93***(0.88–0.97) | 1.35***(1.28–1.41) | 0.99(0.94–1.05) |
| 20–24 | 39,968 | 1.04*(0.99–1.07) | 1.53***(1.46–1.59) | 1.14***(1.10–1.20) |
| 25–29 | 51,524 | 1.04**(1.00–1.08) | 1.49***(1.44–1.66) | 1.16***(1.11–1.20) |
| 30–34 | 43,210 | 1.06**(1.02–1.10) | 1.41***(1.36–1.47) | 1.15***(1.03–1.20) |
| 35–39 | 36,717 | 1.02(0.98–1.06) | 1.32***(1.27–1.38) | 1.10***(1.05–1.14) |
| 40–44 | 25,567 | 0.99(0.95–1.03) | 1.16***(1.11–1.21) | 1.02(0.97–1.07) |
| 45–49 | 20,075 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Wealth status | ||||
| Poorest | 42,002 | 0.74***(0.71–0.77) | 0.59***(0.57–0.62) | 0.61***(0.58–0.64) |
| Poorer | 42,981 | 0.80***(0.76–0.83) | 0.69***(0.66–0.72) | 0.69***(0.66–0.72) |
| Middle | 41,850 | 0.82***(0.78–0.85) | 0.74***(0.71–0.77) | 0.72***(0.69–0.75) |
| Richer | 42,003 | 0.88***(0.95–1.03) | 0.81***(0.78–0.84) | 0.81**(0.77–0.84) |
| Richest | 41,680 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Education | ||||
| No education | 88,230 | 0.49***(0.45–0.53) | 0.34***(0.32–0.37) | 0.37***(0.34–0.41) |
| Primary | 66,581 | 0.66***(0.61–0.71) | 0.52***(0.48–0.55) | 0.54***(0.50–0.51) |
| Secondary | 47,764 | 0.83***(0.77–0.88) | 0.72***(0.67–0.77) | 0.78***(0.71–0.85) |
| Higher | 7,961 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Religion | ||||
| Muslims | 76,621 | 0.60***(0.59–0.62) | 0.76***(0.74–0.78) | 0.60***(0.58–0.62) |
| Christians | 121,473 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Others | 12,442 | 0.89***(0.85–0.93) | 0.82***(079–0.85) | 0.84***(0.81–0.88) |
| Occupation | ||||
| Not working | 64,520 | 0.78***(0.76–0.80) | 0.82***(0.80–0.83) | 0.72***(0.70–0.74) |
| Working | 146,016 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Partner’s education | ||||
| No education | 72,118 | 0.74***(0.70–0.78) | 0.60***(0.57–0.63) | 0.65***(0.61–0.68) |
| Primary | 59,380 | 0.92**(0.88–0.97) | 0.75***(0.71–0.79) | 0.84***(0.79–0.89) |
| Secondary | 62,269 | 0.99(0.95–1.04) | 0.91***(0.87–0.95) | 0.95(0.90–1.01) |
| Higher | 16,769 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Country | ||||
| Benin | 11,045 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Burundi | 5,424 | 1.20***(1.12–1.30) | 2.88***(2.68–3.10) | 2.48***(2.28–2.69) |
| Cameroon | 4,682 | 2.01***(1.85–2.18) | 1.52***(1.40–1.64) | 2.10***(1.92–2.29) |
| Chad | 4,553 | 0.86***(0.80–0.93) | 0.33***(0.30–0.35) | 0.82***(0.76–0.88) |
| Comoros | 3,087 | 0.86**(0.79–0.94) | 1.26***(1.15–1.39) | 1.06(0.97–1.16) |
| Congo | 6,259 | 1.10**(1.04–1.16) | 0.54***(0.51–0.57) | 1.10**(1.04–1.17) |
| Congo DR | 12,119 | 1.45***(1.35–1.56) | 1.68***(1.56–1.80) | 2.42***(2.22–2.64) |
| Cote d’voire | 6,290 | 1.18***(1.11–1.26) | 1.10**(1.03–1.18) | 1.32***(1.23–1.41) |
| Ethiopia | 10,225 | 1.15***(1.09–1.22) | 0.96(0.90–1.02) | 1.30***(1.23–1.38) |
| Gabon | 4,383 | 2.79***(2.54–3.06) | 3.64***(3.33–3.98) | 4.12***(3.67–4.63) |
| Gambia | 6,763 | 1.19***(1.11–1.27) | 1.30***(1.21–1.39) | 1.35***(1.26–1.45) |
| Ghana | 5,382 | 1.94***(1.80–2.09) | 2.25***(2.09–2.42) | 2.29***(2.11–2.49) |
| Guinea | 6,727 | 0.92*(0.86–0.99) | 0.68***(0.63–0.73) | 0.95(0.87–1.01) |
| Kenya | 8,679 | 1.60***(1.50–1.71) | 2.34***(2.20–2.50) | 2.22***(2.06–2.49) |
| Lesotho | 1,662 | 1.29***(1.14–1.47) | 12.28***(9.83–15.32) | 8.18***(6.19–10.81) |
| Liberia | 5,382 | 4.06***(3.74–4.41) | 1.73***(1.61–1.85) | 4.05***(3.71–4.42) |
| Malawi | 15,577 | 2.09***(2.65–3.09) | 4.58***(4.31–4.87) | 4.00***(3.74–4.28) |
| Mali | 7,509 | 0.34***(0.32–0.37) | 0.46***(0.43–0.50) | 0.44***(0.41–0.47) |
| Mozambique | 9,337 | 2.09***(1.97–2.21) | 1.02(0.95–1.09) | 0.89***(0.84–0.95) |
| Namibia | 3,090 | 5.98***(5.23–6.83) | 12.40***(9.83–15.32) | 12.32***(10.05–15.10) |
| Nigeria | 27,749 | 1.52***(1.45–1.60) | 0.78***(0.74–0.82) | 1.49***(1.41–1.57) |
| Rwanda | 9,866 | 2.86***(2.65–3.09) | 5.73***(5.29–6.20) | 6.12***(5.51–6.80) |
| Sierra Leone | 6,962 | 2.73***(2.557–2.90) | 0.99(0.93–1.05) | 2.45***(2.30–2.61) |
| Senegal | 10,800 | 0.55***(0.52–0.59) | 0.84***(0.79–0.89) | 0.78***(0.73–0.83) |
| Togo | 10,390 | 1.67***(1.56–1.79) | 1.70***(1.59–1.82) | 1.83***(1.70–1.96) |
| Zambia | 6,298 | 1.38***(1.30–1.47) | 3.33***(3.12–3.56) | 2.49***(2.31–2.68) |
| Zimbabwe | 7,125 | 1.31***(1.22–1.41) | 1.94***(1.80–2.09) | 2.08***(1.90–2.27) |
*p< 0.05
** p < 0.01
***p < 0.001
NB: Reproductive health decision-making index is the combination of decision-making on sexual intercourse and the decision-making on condom use