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. 2018 Nov 12;47(1):253–265. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky1125

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© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 5. — BREX system epigenetically modifies phage λ. (A) The scheme shows two possible ways of appearance of phages that overcome BREX action. (B) At the top, lawns of BREX+ and BREX- cells were spotted with indicated dilutions of λ phage lysate obtained after induction of BREX+ lysogens. Results of overnight growth at 37°C are shown. Phages from a plaque obtained on BREX+ cells were used to re-infect BREX+ or BREX- cells. The results of spotting phage progeny from these infections on BREX− and BREX+ cell lawns are shown below. (C) The site modified in genomic DNA of Escherichia coli HS cells, E. coli BW25113 containing the pBREXAL plasmid and in the genome of phage λ induced from BREX+ lysogens. The arrow shows the site of BREX-dependent methylation. (D) Statistics of BREX site modification in BREX+ cells genome and in phage induced from these cells.