Table 1. The characteristic of eligible studies.
| First author, year, country | Mean age (P/S) | Sex (M/F) | Sample size (eyes/subjects) | Mean follow-up period | Criteria for progression | Perimeter (baseline MD) | Definition of IOP fluctuation | Study design |
| Ishida K, 1998, Japan | 56.9 | 30/80 | 110/110 | 51.5mo | VF | HFA30-2 (<15 DB) | 24h IOP fluctuation | Observational and longitudinal study |
| Asrani S, 2000, USA | NA | 31/33 | 105/64 | 5y | VF and optic disc | NA (various stage) | SD of follow-up IOP | Observational and longitudinal study |
| Bengtsson B, 2005, Sweden | 62 | 38/52 | 90/90 | 8.5y | VF | HFA30-2 (normal) | Diurnal IOP fluctuation | Prospective randomized clinical trail and longitudinal study |
| Badal F, 2005, USA | 35-80 | NA | 509/401 | ≥3y | VF | HFA24-2 (<16 DB) | SD of follow-up IOP | Prospective randomized clinical trail |
| Nakagami T, 2006, Japan | 58.2 | 35/57 | 92/92 | 51mo | VF | HFA30-2 (various stage) | The difference of highest and lowest IOP during follow-up | Retrospective observational |
| Bengtsson B, 2007, Sweden | 68.1 | 86/169 | 255/255 | 8y | VF and optic disc | HFA30-2 (<16 DB) | SD of follow-up IOP | Prospective randomized clinical trail |
| Lee PP, 2007, USA | 66 | 59/70 | 251/129 | 5y | VF | HFA (various stage) | SD of follow-up IOP | Observational and longitudinal study |
| Medeiros FA, 2008, USA | 59.5/55.2 | 53/73 | 252/126 | 82.8mo | VF and optic disc | HFA24-2 (normal) | SD of follow-up IOP | Observational and longitudinal study |
| Sung KR, 2009, Korea | 54.2 | 48/53 | 101/101 | 74.8mo | VF | HFA24-2 (MD<20 DB) | SD of follow-up IOP | Observational and longitudinal study |
| Teng CC, 2010, USA | 69.6 | 94/151 | 245/245 | 4.9y | VF | HFA24-2 (4.8±3.8 DB) | SD of follow-up IOP | Observational and longitudinal study |
| Hoffmann EM, 2014, Germany | NA | NA | NA | NA | HRT | NA | Long-term IOP fluctuation | NA |
| Lee J, 2014-A, Korea | 51.2 | 26/23 | 49/49 | 7.5y | VF | HFA30-2 (MD<16 DB) | SD of follow-up IOP | Observational and longitudinal study |
| Lee J, 2014-B, Korea | 51.7 | 25/24 | 49/49 | 7.7y | VF | HFA30-2 (MD<16 DB) | SD of follow-up IOP | Observational and longitudinal study |
| Lee J, 2015, Korea | 55.83 | 116/121 | 237/237 | >2y | VF | HFA24-2 (MD<20 DB) | Short-term IOP fluctuation | Observational and longitudinal study |
| Kim SH, 2016, Korea | 53.8/58.1 | 68/72 | 140/140 | ≥5y | VF and optic disc | HFA30-2 (<16 DB) | SD of follow-up IOP | Observational and longitudinal study |
P/S: Mean age of progression/stable group; M/F: The number of male/female; VF: Visual field; MD: Mean defect; HFA 30-2/24-2: Humphrey field analyzer central 30-2/24-2 program; SD: Standard deviation; IOP: Intraocular pressure; HRT3: Heidelberg retina tomography-III; NA: Not available.